اثر پیش تیمار بذر با عناصر کم مصرف بر سرعت جوانه زنی، ویگور گیاهچه و عملکرد گل همیشه بهار

بوم شناسی گیاهان زراعی

مقاله 7، دوره 9، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 33، بهمن 1392، صفحه 69-76   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسنده

بهرام میرشکاری^*

دانشیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

    یکی از این روش های ساده و کم هزینه برای بهبود تغذیه و جوانه زنی و رشد اولیه گیاهان، پرایمینگ غذایی بذر است.  به منظور ارزیابی تاثیر تیمار بذر با روی و منگنز بر جوانه­زنی و عملکرد گل همیشه بهار آزمایشی اجرا شد. تیمارهای مورد مطالعه شامل پرایمینگ بذر با غلظت های 5/0%، 1%، 5/1% و 2% ZnSO₄, H₂O (Zn 35%, S 12%)  و MnSO₄, 3H₂O (Mn 26%, S 15%) همراه با Zn1%+Mn1%، Zn1.5%+Mn1% و شاهد بود. متوسط درصد جوانه زنی نهایی بذرهای تیمار شده با روی و منگنز به تنهایی به ترتیب حدود 79% و 5/79% بودند. 71% درصد بذور شاهد نیز مرحله جوانه زنی را تکمیل کردند. افزایش در غلظت Zn وMn  در محلول موجب محدود شدن شاخص قدرت گیاهچه شد. بیشترین عملکرد گل از تیمارهای حاوی 1% سولفات روی + 1% سولفات منگنز، 5/1% سولفات منگنز، 5/1% سولفات روی + 1% سولفات منگنز و 5/1% و 2% سولفات روی حاصل شد. بین دو تیمار ترکیبی از نظر عملکرد اسانس روغنی اختلاف معنی دار به­وجود آمد و تیمار 5/1% سولفات روی + 1% سولفات منگنز با کاهشی حدود 03/0 میلی لیتر در متر مربع در مقدار اسانس در کلاس آماری پایین تری نسبت به دیگر تیمار ترکیبی قرار گرفت. عکس العمل عملکرد اسانس روغنی به تیمار بذر با  Zn  و Mn  مثبت و معنی دار بود و تمام تیمارهای مورد مطالعه به­جز غلظت­های 5/0% از هر کدام از عناصر کم مصرف عملکرد اسانس بالاتری نسبت به شاهد داشتند. تیمار بذر در شرایط مزرعه با محلول­های غذاییZn  و Mn می تواند به­عنوان روشی برای بهبود عملکرد اسانس همیشه بهار توصیه شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بهبود تغذیه؛ پرایمینگ بذر؛ درصد جوانه زنی نهایی؛ محلول های غذایی

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