بررسی رابطه علّی بین کارآفرینی و بیکاری در بخش صنعت ایران (1385-1364)

مدیریت بهره‌وری

مقاله 7، دوره 3، 4(11)زمستان، دی 1388، صفحه 157-184   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

محمّدباقر بهشتی^{* 1}؛ محمد حسن خیرآور²؛ محمد حسن قزوینیان³

¹دانشیار و عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه تبریز

²کارشناس ارشد مدیریت بازرگانی(MBA) و دانشجوی دکترای اقتصاد دانشگاه مدیترانه شرقی

³کارشناس ارشد علوم اقتصادی – کارشناس مشاوره و تحقیق سازمان مدیریت صنعتی آذربایجان

چکیده

امروزه کارآفرینی به عنوان ابزار مهم تولید شغل و کاهش میزان بیکاری نزد کارشناسان و سیاستگذاران کشوراهمیتی فزاینده یافته است. در خصوص چگونگی رابطه مذکور، ابهامات بسیاری در کشورهای در حال توسعه ظهور یافته است. نتایج حاصل ازمطالعات گروهی از اقتصاددانان نشانگر رابطه مثبت بین بیکاری و کارآفرینی است. به عبارت دیگراین عده مطرح می سازند بالا رفتن نرخ بیکاری منجر به افزایش کارافرینی می گردد. حال آنکه برخی دیگر  رابطه عکس بین این دو متغیر را مطرح می سازند و مستنداً بیان می­دارند که افزایش فعالیتهای کارافرینی، نرخ بیکاری را کاهش می­دهد. هدف از این مقاله، بررسی رابطه علّی بین کارآفرینی - به مفهوم ایجاد کسب و کارهای جدید- در صنعت ایران و نرخ بیکاری می­باشد. در این راستا، آزمون علیت هیسائو برای بررسی رابطه علی بین نرخ بیکاری و کارآفرینی در بخش صنعت کشور به کار گرفته شده است. نتایج این مقاله حاکی از آن است که در بخش صنعت کشور رابطه علی یک طرفه از کارآفرینی به نرخ بیکاری وجود دارد.
 طبقه­بندی JEL: L11, M13

کلیدواژه‌ها

آزمون علیّت هیسائو؛ بیکاری؛ کارآفرینی

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