تاثیر فلز کادمیوم بر میزان آنزیم کاتالاز و بیومارکر دی تیروزین در برخی گونه های زراعی

یافته های نوین کشاورزی

مقاله 6، دوره 10، شماره 1 (پاییز 1394) 37، آذر 1394، صفحه 47-58   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

سیده فاطمه موسوی^{* 1}؛ داود حبیبی²؛ افشین مظفری³؛ نورعلی ساجدی⁴

¹دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، ایران

²دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد کرج، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، کرج، ایران

³دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ایلام، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، ایلام، ایران

⁴دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد اراک، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، اراک، ایران

چکیده

       این آزمایش در گلخانه تحقیقاتی دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج در سال 89- 1388به اجرا در آمد. آزمایش بصورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح پایه بلوک های کامل تصادفی با 3 تکرار اجرا شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل میزان کادمیوم در خاک در سه سطح (صفر، 40 و 80 میلی گرم در کیلو گرم خاک خشک) و گونه گیاه زراعی در سه سطح (یونجه یکساله (Medicago rigidula)، ماشک گل خوشه ای (Vicia villosa) وکلزا(Barassica napus)) بود. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد میزان کادمیوم در خاک و گونه های زراعی بر کلیه صفات مورد مطالعه اثر معنی داری  داشت. بالاترین میزان بیومارکر دی تیروزین (D-T) در کلزا (با 99/10 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تازه بافت) و پایین ترین میزان در گیاه ماشک گل خوشه ای (با 86/8 میکرومول بر گرم وزن تازه بافت) بود. بیشترین و کمترین میزان آنزیم آنتی اکسیدانت کاتالاز (CAT) به ترتیب متعلق بود یونجه (با 79/55 واحد بر میلی گرم پروتئین) و ماشک گل خوشه ای (با 77/52 واحد بر میلی گرم پروتئین). نتایج آزمایش نشان داد با افزایش غلظت کادمیوم (Cd)در خاک، مقدار بیومارکر دی تیروزین افزایش یافت اما برعکس میزان آنزیم کاتالاز کاهش یافت. دوز 80 و صفر (میلی گرم کادمیوم در کیلوگرم خاک خشک) به ترتیب با 72/11 و 52/6 (میکرومول بر گرم وزن تازه بافت) بالاترین و پایین ترین میزان بیومارکر دی تیروزین را به خود اختصاص دادند. دوز صفر و 80 (میلی گرم کادمیوم در کیلوگرم خاک خشک) به ترتیب با 30/63 و 39/49 (میکرومول بر گرم وزن تازه بافت) بالاترین و پایین ترین میزان آنزیم کاتالاز را به خود اختصاص دادند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آنزیم آنتی اکسیدانت؛ بیومارکر بیوشیمیایی؛ کاتالاز و دی تیروزین

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