دموگرافی سوسک شاخدار خرما Oryctes elegans (Coloptera : Scarabaeidae) در شرایط آزمایشگاهی

تحقیقات نوین در گیاه پزشکی

شناسنامه علمی شماره، دوره 2، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 7، بهمن 1389، صفحه 263-255   

نویسندگان

آرزو پاینده^* ؛ آزیتا دهقان

چکیده

سوسک شاخدار خرما، سوسک کرگدنی خرما یا سوسک کره Oryctes elegans Prell. ، یکی از آفات جدی و مهم خرما در ایران، به خصوص در منطقه بم می‌باشد. در این تحقیق جدول زندگی سوسک شاخدار خرما در شرایط آزمایشگاهی، دمای 2± 27 درجه سلسیوس، رطوبت نسبی 5± 65 درصد و دوره نوری 16 ساعت روشنایی و 8 ساعت تاریکی مطالعه شد. داده‌های به دست آمده بر اساس جدول زندگی (نر و ماده)، مراحل رشدی- سنی، با در نظر گرفتن تغییرات رشد افراد و جنسیت آن‌ها، تجزیه و تحلیل شدند. میانگین طول دوره رشدی برای تخم، لارو و شفیره به ترتیب، 4/16، 8/216 و 2/26 روز بود. در شرایط آزمایشگاه درصد مرگ و میر مراحل تخم، لارو و شفیرگی به ترتیب 2/5، 6/22 و 2/3 به دست آمد. نرخ ذاتی افزایش جمعیت (r_m)، نرخ متناهی افزایش جمعیت(λ)، نرخ ناخالص تولید مانند (GRR)، نرخ خالص تولید مانند (R₀)، مدت زمان دو برابر شدن جمعیت(DT)  و متوسط مدت زمان نسل (T)  به ترتیب 002/0 روز^1-    ، 002/1 روز^1-    ، 6/71 تخم ماده، 3/42 نتاج ماده، 7/110 روز و 328 روز بودند. نتایج به دست آمده نشان داد که سوسک شاخدار خرما یک گونه تک نسلی است. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

دموگرافی؛ سوسک شاخدار خرما؛ Oryctes elegans؛ بم؛ جدول زندگی

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