سمیت تنفسی اسانس سرو کوهی orientalis Thuja روی مراحل مختلف زیستی سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای حبوبات Callosobruchus maculatus (Col.: Bruchidae)

حشره شناسی گیاهان زراعی

مقاله 1، دوره 1، شماره (3) زمستان 1390، فروردین 1390، صفحه 1-8   

چکیده

با توجه به سمیت بالای اسانس‌های گیاهی برای آفات انباری و سمیت پایین آن­ها برای جانوران
خون­گرم، این مواد می­توانند به­عنوان جایگزین مناسبی ­برای سموم شیمیایی رایج باشند. در این تحقیق تأثیر اسانس سروکوهی، روی مراحل زیستی تخم، لارو و حشره­ی کامل سوسک چهارنقطه­ای حبوبات ارزیابی شد. برای این منظور، اسانس برگ­های تازه­ی ­این گیاه توسط دستگاه کلونجر و با روش تقطیر با آب استخراج گردید و سمیت تنفسی آن روی حشرات بالغ یک تا سه روزه، لاروهای یک تا هفت روزه و تخم­های یک­ روزه در دمای 1±25
درجه­ی سلسیوس و رطوبت نسبی 5±70 درصد با غلظت­های مختلف 7/5 تا 60 میکرولیتر بر ­لیتر هوا در چهار تکرار مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که این اسانس می­تواند به­عنوان جای­گزینی مناسب برای آفت­کش­های شیمیایی معرفی گردد. مراحل مختلف زیستی سوسک چهارنقطه­ای حساسیت متفاوتی نسبت به این اسانس داشتند و مرحله­ی بالغ حشره، حساس­تر از سایر مراحل بود. مقدار  LC₅₀ محاسبه شده­ دراین پژوهش در 24 ساعت گازدهی حشرات بالغ، لاروها و تخم به­ترتیب 65/0±05/12، 35/1±19/39 و 91/0±60/22 میکرولیتر بر ­لیتر هوا بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسانس‌گیاهی؛ ‌ زیست‌سنجی؛ سمیت تنفسی؛ سوسک چهارنقطه‌ای‌ حبوبات؛ .Thuja orientalis

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