Effect of Services and Facilities of Tobacco Companies Ion Tobacco Crop in Malakand Division, Pakistan

International Journal Of Agricultural Science, Research And Technology In Extension And Education Systems

مقاله 5، دوره 7، شماره 1، شهریور 2017، صفحه 35-42   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

نویسندگان

Faheem Khan^{* 1}؛ Bilal Ahmad²؛ Badar Siddiqui³؛ Nowshad Khan⁴

¹Assistant Professor Department of Agricultural Extension, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

²MSc Department of Agricultural Extension, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

³Associate Professor Department of Agricultural Extension, PMAS- Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

⁴Professor Department of Agricultural Extension, PMAS-Arid Agriculture University Rawalpindi, Pakistan

چکیده

The present research is conducted to find out the services and facilities of tobacco companies in promotion of tobacco crop in Malakand division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. A multi-stage sampling technique applied for selection sample size. In this method, 135 tobacco growers were selected from fifteen villages of tobacco growers. The principle researcher interviewed selected respondents face by face through a well-designed interview schedule. The results show that majority 65.18, and 72.57% growers were small size of landholders and literate. Moreover, the tobacco companies provided seed quality, size of plant, leaf cluster, and leaf quality facilities to tobacco growers. So, maximum 51.90% tobacco growers reported that above mentioned facilities were 26-50% beneficial for seed quality, and plant size. Meanwhile, individual, group contact, and mass contact extension methods practiced for delivery of various facilities to tobacco growers. Meantime, farm home visit, office call, leader training, method demonstration, lecture meeting, Radio, Television, and Poster extension techniques recorded for promotion of services to tobacco growers. While, majority 97 and 63.70% enclosed that farm home visit and office call were excellent techniques for services promotion. Beside these facilities, tobacco companies provide training to almost all tobacco growers related seed bed preparation, transplantation, field preparation, fertilizers application, harvesting, and curing process. It is suggested that tobacco companies had better to start programs on electronic media related suitable and appropriate technologies in tobacco crops on equality base for illiterate and literate growers.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Extension Methods؛ extension services؛ Rewards؛ Malakand division؛ Extension training

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