مطالعه کیفی نقشهای جنسیتی زنان در زلزله

زن و مطالعات خانواده

مقاله 1، دوره 10، شماره 35، خرداد 1396، صفحه 7-34   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

فریده بهمن جنبه^{* 1}؛ مریم اردیبهشتی خیابان²؛ شهناز کهن³

¹دکترای بهداشت باروری، استادیار، گروه مامایی، واحدتبریز، دانشگاه آزاداسلامی، تبریز، ایران،

²عضو هیات علمی، گروه مامایی، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

³استادیار گروه مامایی و بهداشت باروری دانشکده پرستاری و مامایی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، مرکز تحقیقات سلامت زنان، دانشکده پرستاری مامایی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش حاضر به بررسی نیارها، مشکلات و چالشهای وابسته به جنسیت در زنان آسیب دیده از زلزله منطقه ارسباران استان آذربایجان شرقی با رویکرد تحلیل محتوای کیفی و با استفاده از مصاحبه های نیمه ساختاریافته انفرادی پرداخته است. مشارکت کنندگان از بین زنان 49-15 ساله زلزله زده و مدیران، مسئولان و ارائه دهندگان مستقیم خدمت استان آذربایجان شرقی و شهرستانهای اهر، هریس، ورزقان و روستاهای حادثه دیده آنها با استقاده از نمونه گیری مبتنی بر هدف و در طی یک دوره شش ماهه انتخاب و اطلاعات گردآوری شده با روش تحلیل محتوای مرسوم گرانهایم، مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. از کدگذاری و آنالیز اظهارات مشارکت کنندگان درطی مصاحبه­ها، دوطبقه اصلی شامل "مسئولیتهای جنسیتی زنان" و "تابوهای فرهنگی منطقه و آسیب­پذیری زنان" شکل گرفت. نتایج مطالعه نشان داد اگرچه زمین­لرزه، کل جمعیت منطقه را دچار مشکلات متعددی نمود ولی در این میان، زنان سنین باروری گروه هدف مطالعه، چالش ها و نیازهای منحصر به فردی داشته و وقوع حادثه باعث تشدید درگیریهای روزمره زندگی و بارسنگین مسئولیتی بر دوش آنان شده و حادثه اخیر، اثرات مخربی بر روی برخی جنبه­های سلامت باروری زنان بخصوص زنان باردار، درحال زایمان و شیرده داشته است. زنان بدلیل شرایط خاص خود و تابوها و موانع فرهنگی حاکم بر جامعه، متفاوت از مردان از حادثه متأثر شده و لذا توجه به فشارهای ایجاد شده برای زنان بدلیل نقشهای جنسیتی آنها باید از سوی ارائه­دهندگان خدمات، سیاستگذاران و برنامه­ریزان حوزه سلامت بعنوان اولویت مهم در نظر گرفته شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

زنان؛ جنسیت؛ بلایای طبیعی؛ زلزله؛ مطالعه کیفی

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