بررسی غلظت‌های روی، سرب، کادمیوم و مس در گندم و نان مصرفی در شهر همدان

بهداشت مواد غذایی

مقاله 8، دوره 7، 4 (28) زمستان، دی 1396، صفحه 83-92   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

سامان کیان‌پور¹؛ سهیل سبحان اردکانی^{* 2}

¹دانش‌‌ آموخته کارشناسی ارشد محیط‌‌زیست، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران

²دانشیار گروه محیط‌زیست، واحد همدان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، همدان، ایران

چکیده

با گسترش آلاینده­‌‌های محیطی و به­‌‌تبع آن ورود آن‌‌ها به زنجیر غذایی، بررسی در مورد انواع آلودگی و بهداشت مواد غذایی حائز اهمیت است. لذا، این پژوهش با هدف بررسی محتوی عناصر روی، سرب، کادمیوم و مس در محصول گندم و نان مصرفی شهر همدان در سال 1393 انجام یافت. بدین منظور 4 مزرعه کشت گندم و 4 نانوایی پخت انواع نان­ لواش، بربری، سنگک و فرانسوی انتخاب و نمونه‌‌­برداری از آن‌­‌ها مطابق روش استاندارد انجام شد. پس از انجام مراحل آماده‌‌سازی نمونه‌‌‌ها به‌روش هضم اسیدی، غلظت عناصر در آن‌ها توسط دستگاه نشر اتمی (ICP) در 3 تکرار خوانده شد. نتایج نشان داد که میانگین غلظت عناصر روی، سرب، کادمیوم و مس در نمونه‌های نان بر حسب میلی‌‌گرم در کیلوگرم برابر با 48/2 ± 47/5، 04/0 ± 06/0، 36/0 ± 92/0 و 14/0 ± 57/1 و در نمونه‌­‌های گندم بر حسب میلی‌‌گرم در کیلوگرم برابر با 34/1 ± 93/4، 16/0 ± 17/0، 55/0 ± 92/0 و 31/0 ± 02/1 بود. از طرفی نتایج بیان‌‌­گر آن بود که میانگین غلظت عناصر روی، سرب و مس کم‌­‌تر و میانگین غلظت عنصر کادمیوم بیش‌‌­تر از حد مجاز WHO است. از این‌‌‌رو، آلودگی محصول گندم و نان مصرفی شهر همدان به‌‌دلایلی همچون استفاده طولانی‌‌مدت و بی‌‌­رویه از نهاده‌­‌های کشاورزی به‌­‌ویژه کودهای فسفاته و فاضلاب شهری برای آبیاری، استقرار مزارع در مجاوت صنایع و جاده‌های مواصلاتی می‌‌­تواند تبعات بهداشتی غیرقابل جبرانی برای مصرف‌‌­کنندگان به‌دنبال داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

فلزات سنگین؛ گندم؛ نان؛ همدان

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