Obstacles to sustainable development of tourism in the coastal city Tonekabon

Journal of Tourism Hospitality Research

مقاله 4، دوره 4، شماره 4، شهریور 2016، صفحه 49-63   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

نویسندگان

Soda Mohamadi Delband^* ؛ Sara Ghahri Lalkallo؛ Frahnaz Khadem Fasghandis

Ph.D student of Urban Design, Tabriz Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran

چکیده

Among the various factors that can affect the urban sustainable development, are tourism and the consequences of it. So that a comprehensive review of the impact of tourism development in an urban area, requires to examine it in terms of sustainable urban development. In this regard, the paper aims to identify and analyze the obstacles to the sustainable development of tourism in the coastal city of Tonekabon. The method of this study is descriptive-analytical and data collection was carried out by a questionnaire. Using Cochran formula, samples are obtained from 323 household caregivers in Tonekabon, who were selected randomly. In order to assess the obstacles to the sustainable development of tourism in the coastal city of Tonekabon, using the factor analysis, 38 variables in four dimensions of sustainable development (economic, social, environmental and physical) were tested. Finally, constraints were classified into seven factors separately, the results show: Stability obstacles accounted to 74.75% of the total variance and the physical-environmental dimension accounted to 16.12% of eigenvalue variance to be known as the main obstacle. Also, the results for rotation of the factors by the Varimax method show that out of the 38 variables entered in the exploratory factor analysis, only 25 variables with a factor load above 4% remained.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Sustainable urban development؛ tourism؛ coastal city of Tonekabon؛ factor analysis

مراجع

Ebrahimzadeh, Isa; Monir Yari and Borzou Sabzi. 2012. An Analysis of Tourism Planning and Development in Lorestan Province Using the Strategic Model of SWOT, Journal of Land Use. forth year. No. 6

Badri, Seyyed Ali; Ali Gholami and Younes Ghasemi. 2012. Evaluation of the role of tourism in economic, socio-cultural and environmental development, case study: Babolsar city, the first tourism and ecotourism conference in Iran.

Boniface, Parcelia. 2001. Cultural Tourism Management, Office of Cultural Research. Tehran.

Biranvand, Ismail. 2008 Spatial Analysis of Tourism Attractions in Khorramabad, Isfahan University of Applied Sciences, Assistant Professors Dr. Hedayatollah Nuri and Dr. Hassan Bikmohammadi.

Pourvakhshouri, Seyyedeh Zahra. 2001. Strategies for Optimal Environmental Development in Coastal Tourism, Publications of the Environmental Organization.

Tullayi, Simin.1994. City and its Environmental Consequences, Geographical research Quarterly, No. 33.

Heidari, Raheem and Karim Hosseinzadeh Dalir. 2003. An Investigation into the Evaluation of the Tourism Industry in Iran, The Journal of Humanities and Social Sciences, Tabriz University, No. 3, ninth year.

Dinari, Ahmed. 2005. Urban Tourism in Iran and the World, Elias Publishing, First Edition.

Saraskanroud, MohammadAkbar; Mohsen Rahimi and Fazel Mohammadi. 2011. 2011. Assessing the Impacts of Tourism Expansion on Sustainable Development Dimensions, Case Study: Hashtrood, Regional Planning Quarterly, First Year, No. 3.

Seyedi, Mahsa. 2014. A Study of the Role of Tourism in the Sustainable Development of Coastal Cities, A Case Study: Tonekabon City, Master's Thesis for Geography and Urban Planning, Golestan University.

Shahabian, Pouyan 2011. The study of the role and effects of urban tourism in sustainable city development, with emphasis on residents perception, Arman Shahr Journal of Architecture and Urban Development, Volume 4, Issue 7.

Shams, Majid; Asadollah Divsalar and Ali SheikhAzami. 2011. The Role of Ecology Approach in Sustainable Development of Coastal Cities, Case Study: Noor City, Quarterly Journal of Environment, No. 17.

Shams, Majid and Parisa Haji Malayeri. 2009. Physical Development and its Impact on Land Use Change in Malayer City, Environmental Issue Quarterly, No. 7.

Shams, Majid. 2006. The role of middle cities in spatial development of Hamedan province with a view to the city of Malayer, Quarterly Geographic Outlook, No. 2.

Alizadeh, Katayun. 2003. The Impact of Tourists' Presence on Environmental Resources, Case Study: Torqabeh Section in Mashhad, Geographical Research Magazine No. 44, Tehran.

Anabestani, AliAkbar; Yousef Ali Ziari and Zahra Anabestani. 2013. Study of the effects of Padideh Tourism Company on urban development in Shandiz, Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, Second Year, No. 5.

Qadami, Mostafa and Naser Aligoli-Zadeh Firouzjaei.2012. Estimating the development of destination tourism in the framework of sustainability, Case study: Tameshkal Village, Geographical Survey Quarterly, Year 27, No. 1, Successive No. 104.

Karami Mehrdad.2012. Measuring tourism sustainability from the point of view of residents of the local community, Case study: Niasar City, Applied Geosciences Research Journal, Vol. 12, No. 25.

Lotfi, Sedigheh and Idris Baba Khanzadeh. 2014. Study of the Effect of Urban Sustainable Tourism on City Residents Case Study: Javanrood Town of Kermanshah, Journal of Tourism Planning and Development, Third Year, No. 9.

Mohseni, RezaAli. 2009. Sustainable Tourism in Iran: Functions, Challenges and Solutions, Journal of Geospatial Research, Vol. 9, No. 28.

Najafi Kani, AliAkbar. 2009. The role of ecotourism in economic development of the Caspian Sea coast, Case study: Mazandaran Province, 5th International Tourism Seminar, Athens.

Veysi, Reza; Akbar Lorestani, Maryam Biranvandzadeh and Shokrallah Zarei. Strategies for Sustainable Tourism Development in Coastal Cities Case Study: Noshahr City, The First National Conference on Tourism and Ecotourism of Iran.