بررسی تأثیر مداخلات بهنگام روان‌شناختی و آموزشی خانواده‌محور بر میزان مهارت‌های شناختی و اجتماعی کودکان اتیسم

دانش و پژوهش در روان شناسی کاربردی

مقاله 11، دوره 18، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 70، اسفند 1396، صفحه 102-114   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

حسن خوش اخلاق^*

استادیار دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد نائین، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

پژوهش با هدف تعیین تأثیر مداخلات بهنگام روان‌شناختی و آموزشی خانواده‌محور بر تحول مهارت‌های شناختی و اجتماعی کودکان اتیسم انجام گرفته است. به این منظور 36 کودک اتیسم زیر 5 سال به‌صورت تصادفی انتخاب و به گروه آزمایشی و کنترل اختصاص داده شدند. ابتدا آزمون سنجش رشد نیوشا (1387) در حیطه‌های رشد مهارت‌های شناختی و اجتماعی، بر روی کودکان اتیسم هر دو گروه (پیش‌آزمون) اجرا و پس از ارائه برنامه مداخله در 15 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای در طی 6 ماه، مجدداً آزمون نیوشا بر روی گروه آزمایشی، اجرا و با استفاده از تحلیل کوواریانس تجزیه‌وتحلیل شد. با توجه به نتایج تحلیل کوواریانس بین جنس و گروه در اثربخشی مداخلات بهنگام روان‌شناختی و آموزشی خانواده‌محور بر میزان رشد شناختی و اجتماعی کودکان اتیسم اثر تعاملی وجود ندارد. همچنین نتایج نشان داد که تفاوت بین عملکرد دو گروه آزمایش و کنترل در متغیر مهارت‌های شناختی (0001/0>p) و اجتماعی (0001/0>P) معنی‌دار است. بنابراین با توجه به نتایج به دست آمده می‌توان چنین نتیجه گرفت که مداخلات بهنگام روان‌شناختی و آموزشی خانواده‌محور بر رشد مهارت‌های شناختی و اجتماعی کودکان اتیسم زیر 5 سال تأثیر مثبت دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مداخلة بهنگام خانواده‌محور؛ مهارت‌های شناختی - اجتماعی؛ کودکان اتیسم

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