تحلیل راهبردی چالش‌های مدیریتی کلان شهر تهران با رویکرد مدیریت یکپارچه شهری

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی نگرش های نو در جغرافیای انسانی

مقاله 10، دوره 10، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 40، آبان 1397، صفحه 141-162   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی استخراج ازرساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

علیرضا خداشاهی¹؛ محمد تقی رهنمایی^{* 2}؛ مهدی مدیری³

¹دانشجوی دکتری جغرافیاو برنامه‌ریزی شهری، واحد علوم و تحقیقات، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، تهران، ایران

²دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

³دانشیار جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی شهری، دانشگاه صنعتی مالک اشتر، تهران، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
 شهر به عنوان کلیتی بهم پیوسته، به سازمانی مقتدر با مدیریتی یکپارچه نیازمند است. تعدد مدیریت و ناهماهنگی سازمان­ها و نهادهای دولتی و خصوصی متولی امورشهری از چالش‌های مدیریت کلانشهری تهران است. توسعه و گسترش کانون‌های شهری اطراف کلانشهر تهران باعث به وجود آمدن برخی مشکلات در درون کلان شهر شده­اند. هدف پژوهش حاضر ارائه راهبردهای مدیریتی کلان­شهر تهران با رویکرد مدیریت یکپاچه شهری می‌باشد. پژوهش حاضر کاربردی و روش آن توصیفی- تحلیلی است. جمع آوری داده‌ها با استفاده از مطالعات کتابخانه­ای و میدانی پیمایشی (توزیع پرسشنامه) است و برای تحلیل از تکنیک­های SWOT و دلفی بهره­گیری شده است. جامعه آماری 30 نفراز کارشناسان خبره مباحث مدیریت شهری تهران انتخاب گردیده است. نتایج پژوهش بیانگر آن است که از مجموع 45 عامل درونی و بیرونی تأثیرگذار بر مدیریت یکپارچه شهری کلان­شهر تهران، مجموع امتیاز وزنی عوامل داخلی 67/2 و عوامل خارجی، 25/2 می‌باشد لذا باید جهت موفقیت در یکپارچگی مدیریت کلان­شهر تهران راهبردهای بازنگری را به اجرا درآورد بدین صورت که نقاط ضعف درونی مدیریت یکپارچه درکلانشهر تهران را کاهش داده و نهایت بهره­گیری را از فرصت­های بیرونی به عمل آورد. برخی از راهبردهای بازنگری عبارتند از: حرکت به سمت تمرکززدایی از قدرت وسازمانهای دولتی و ساختارهای بوروکراتیک و واگذاری اختیارات به حکومت­های محلی و مدیریت شهری و همچنین واگذاری اختیار تهیه طرح‌های توسعه شهری و منطقه‌ای به نهادهای محلی.

کلیدواژه‌ها

واژگان کلیدی: مدیریت شهری– مدیریت یکپارچه شهری – منطقه کلان شهری؛ کلانشهر تهران– چالش‌های مدیریتی- مدل SWOT

مراجع

References

Akhundi, Abbas; Barkpoor; Nasser; Asadi; Iraj; Taherkhani; Habibollah; Basirat; Meysam and Wazandi; Golzar (2007); Tehran City-District Governance: Challenges and Trends; Fine Arts Rumors, No. 29, 5. {In Persian}

Amanpour, Saeed and Sajjadian, Mahyar (2016), A pathological study on the spatial organization and management of Tehran metropolis based on the approaches and guidelines derived from the integrated management idea in the country, Geography Quarterly and Urban Planning of the Zagros Outlook, Eighth period, No. 30, Winter. {In Persian}

Asadi Iraj (2016), Explaining the Necessity of Establishing a Special Management System for the Metropolitan Area of Tehran, The Journal of Fine Arts, Architecture and Urban Development, Volume 21, Issue 1, Spring (5-16). {In Persian}

Azizi, Mohammad Mehdi, Abouei, Mohammad; and Nouri, Nasrin (2012), Investigating the Role of Cty Cannibals and Urban Management Tools in the Integrated Management of Tehran Metropolis, City identity issue, No. 10, 6th year, spring and summer, (5-16). {In Persian}

Azizi, Mohammad Mehdi, Abouei, Mohammad, and Nouri, Nasrin (2011), The Role of Rules and Regulations in the Realization of Integrated Management in Tehran Urban Collection, Armanshahr Quarterly, No. 6, Spring and -Summer, (117-128). {In Persian}

Available at: https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/tehran. (Retrieved june 11،2018)

Barkupour, Naser, and assidi, Iraj (2009), Regionalization Strategy in the Governance of Metropolitan Area, Tehran, Research Deputy of the University of Art.{In Persian}

Barkupour, Nasser (2009), Urban Governance and Urban Governance in Iran, Proceedings of the Conference on Urban Planning and Management.{In Persian}

Baird, Ronald C. (2009). “On a Strategic Framework for Performance Enhancement in Managing New Jersey’s Urban Coast”. Center for Marine Science University of North Carolina Wilmington,pp.1-11 http:www.monmouth.edu

Boulding, Kenneth. (1956). ''General Systems Theory: The Skeleton of Science''. Management Science, 2, 3, pp. 81-97.

Claesson A. et al. (2009). “Guidance paper on Overview of the Integrated Management System”. In Managing Urban Europe-25 project. European Commission.

Chakrabarty, B.K. (2001), ''Urban Management;Concepts, Principles,Techniques and Education,''Cities, Vol. 18, No. 5, pp 331-345.

Chima, Shabir (2000), City Management: Policies and Innovations in Developing Countries, Translated by Dr. Parviz Zahedi, Tehran, Publication of Processing and Urban Planning Firm.{In Persian}

Daneshpour, Abdi, and Ebrahimnia, vahid, Policy-making on Tehran Metropolis: A Two-fold Study of the Problems of Integration, Non-Integration, Journal of Fine Arts, Architecture and Urban Planning, 22th period, No. 1, spring, (17-28). {In Persian}

Ebrahimi, Saeed, and Babaei, Mahnaz (2016), Study of Integrated Management Components in Isfahan City, Urban Economics Quarterly, First issue, Winter, (36-17). {In Persian}

Ebrahimzadeh, Isa; Kazemi zad, Shamsollah; Eskandari Sani, Mohammad (2011) Strategic Planning of Development of Tourism Emphasizing on Religious Tourism, Journal of Human Geography Researches, No. 76. {In Persian}

Ghamami, Majid, Khatam, Zahra, Athari, Kamal (2007), Integrated Management and Solving the Problem of Informal Accommodation, Shahidi, First Edition.{In Persian}

Hosseinpour, Sayyid Ali (2011), Analysis of Barriers to Integrated Urban Management with Emphasis on the Role of Governmental Authorities. Case Study: Tehran Metropolis, Master's Thesis for Urban and Regional Planning, Faculty of Arts and Architecture, Tarbiat Modares Universi. {In Persian}

Kharlakhloo, Mehdi and Hosseini, Seyyed Hadi (2007), Indicators of Sustainable Urban Development, Geography and Regional Development Magazine, No. 4 (157-177). {In Persian}

Kazemian, Gholamreza, and Saeedi Rezwani, Navid (2004), Feasibility of Assigning New Duties to Municipalities, Vol. I, Ministry of Interior, Office of Establishment Planning, in cooperation with Economic Researches Institute of Tarbiat Modares University, 2004.{In Persian}

Kazemian, Gholamreza; and Saeedi Rezwani, Navid (2002), Feasibility of Transferring New Tasks to Municipalities, Vol. 2, Shahrdariha Publication. {In Persian}

 Kazemian, Gholamreza, Jajarmi, Hossein, Nozarpour, Ali, Ayazi, Sayyid Mohammad, Salehi, Ismail, Saeedi Rezwani, Navid and Majid Abdollahi (2012), Urban Management, Vol. 2; Urban Management in Iran, Tehran, Tisa Publication, 2nd Edition.{In Persian}

Latifi, Gholamreza (2005), Urban Management Analysis of Tehran from 1989 to 1989, Thesis of Urban Planning, Faculty of Fine Arts, University of Tehran. {In Persian}

Mcgill, Ronald (1998),Urban Management In Developing Countries, Cities, Vol 15, No 6, pp 463–471.

McGill, Ronald. (2001) 'Urban Management Checklist', "Cities", Vol. 18, No. 5: 347-354

Mir Abedini, Zohreh (2009), Feasibility of the Implementation of Integrated Urban Management Emphasizing on the Decision-making Level of the Case Study of Tehran, master's thesis of urban management, faculty of management and accounting, Allameh Tabataba'i University.{In Persian}

Mir Abedini, Zohreh; and Gholamreza Kazemian (2012), Identification of Dimensions and Solutions for Implementing Integrated Urban Management with Ultra-Convergence Method, 4th Conference on Urban Management and Planning. {In Persian}

Mir Abedini, Zohreh; and Kazemian, Gholamreza (2011), Pathology of Integrated Urban Management in Tehran from the Perspective of Urban Policy-making, Urban Arts and Architecture, Vol. 3, No. 46, Summer, (27-38). {In Persian}

Mohammadi, Kaveh (2008), Integrated Urban Management and Goals of Iran 1400, Tehran Municipality Monthly, No. 92. {In Persian}

Parhizkar, Akbar; and Kazemian, Gholam reza (2005), The Approach of Urban Management and Its Necessity in Managing the Metropolitan Area of Tehran, Quarterly of Economic Researches, No. 16 (49-29). {In Persian}

Pajuhan, Moses (2016), Challenges of the Establishment of a Unified Urban Management System, Shahrdariha Monthly Reporting, No. 123. {In Persian}

Pourahmad, Ahmad; Mehdian Behnamiri, Masoumeh and Ali Mehdi (2013). The Analysis of Factors of not Realizing the Management of the Urban Unit in the View of Current Laws, Quarterly Journal of Economics and Urban Management, No. 2, Spring (31-50). {In Persian}

Tavakoli nia, Jamileh, Sarrafi, Mozaffar, Kazemian, Gholamreza, and Washali, Mohammad (2015) Analysis of Territorial Divisions of Organizations and Service Institutions of Tehran Metropolis, Researches of Geology, Sixth year, Spring, No.21 (100-117). {In Persian}

Ramezani Farkhad, Ahmad (2014), Review of the Articles of Integrated Urban Management, 6th National Conference on Urban Planning and Management. {In Persian}

Rahnamaei, Mohammad taghi; and Shah Hosseini, Parvaneh (2005), The Process of Urban Planning in Iran, Samt, First Edition.{In Persian}

Rahnamaei, Mohammad taghi (2008), Collection of Topics and Methods of Urbanization and Geography, Azadeh, 4^th Edition.{In Persian}

Rajabi, Azita; Safaven, Afshin (2008), Spatial expansion model of Tehran metropolis, Encyclopedia, (70-57(.{In Persian}

Rydén Lars(2008). “Tools for Integrated Sustainability Management in cities and towns”. Urban Studies and Sustainability Science, Baltic University Press javascript:void(0); 2008

Sassanpur, Farzaneh (2011), The Basics of Permanence of Development of Metropolises Emphasizing on Tehran Metropolis, Tehran Center for Study and Planning. {In Persian}

Saeedi Rezwani, Navid; and Kazemian, Gholamreza (2002), Feasibility of Assigning New Duties to