مطالعة تطبیقی برنامه‌درسی کارشناسی رشته آموزش ابتدایی در ایران و کشورهای منتخب آسیایی- اقیانوسیه

پژوهش در برنامه ریزی درسی

مقاله 1، دوره 15، شماره 59، دی 1397، صفحه 18-45   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30486/jsre.2018.545135

نویسندگان

فروغ تصدیقی¹؛ محمدجواد لیاقت دار^{* 2}؛ لطفعلی عابدی³

¹دانش‌آموخته دکتری برنامه‌ریزی درسی دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، اصفهان، ایران.

²استاد گروه علوم تربیتی دانشگاه اصفهان، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روانشناسی، اصفهان، ایران.

³دانشیار دانشگاه امام حسین، اصفهان، ایران.

چکیده

هدف پژوهش حاضر، بررسی برنامه‌درسی کارشناسی رشته آموزش ابتدایی در کشورهای آسیایی- اقیانوسیه و مقایسة آن با ایران بود. به این منظور از الگوی بردی و شیوه توصیفی-تحلیلی، استفاده شد. جامعه آماری پژوهش، دانشگاه‌های مجری این رشته در دو قاره آسیا و اقیانوسیه و اسناد مربوط به برنامه‌های درسی آن‌ها بود که پس از یک مطالعه مقدماتی، با توجه به تنوع صور ارائه این رشته در کشورهای مختلف، روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند استفاده شد و 6­ دانشگاه مجری این رشته از چهار کشور انتخاب شدند. سپس برنامه‌درسی آن‌ها به‌وسیلة جداول و چک‌لیست‌های تحلیل محتوا استخراج گردید. به‌این‌ترتیب داده‌های خام توصیف، کدگذاری، مقایسه و تحلیل شدند. نتایج به‌دست‌آمده گویای تشابهات و تفاوت‌هایی در برنامه‌های درسی کشورهای موردمطالعه بود. ازجمله مهم‌ترین شباهت‌ها، ارائه دوره حضوری و تمام‌وقت، تأکید بر رشد صلاحیت‌های حرفه‌ای، تأکید بر دانش محتوای ابتدائی و ارائه دروس الزامی و کارآموزی بود؛ اما در مواردی مانند ضرورت فناوری اطلاعات، نحوه اجرا و تعداد واحد دوره‌های کارآموزی، ارائه واحدهای پژوهشی، توجه به دانش‌محتوا و ارائه فرصت‌های تکمیلی تفاوت‌هایی قابل‌مشاهده بود. بر همین اساس پیشنهاد‌هایی از قبیل اهمیت بیشتر قائل‌شدن برای برخی دروس، افزایش انعطاف‌پذیری برنامه، تحول در نحوه ارائه واحدهای پایان‌نامه، سمینار و کارآموزی برای برنامه‌درسی ایران ارائه شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بررسی تطبیقی؛ برنامه‌درسی؛ رشته آموزش ابتدایی؛ کارشناسی

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