سیستم‌های مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی، مروری بر سیستم‌های صنعتی و بالینی ساخته شده

روش‌های هوشمند در صنعت برق

مقاله 4، دوره 8، شماره 31، آبان 1396، صفحه 33-50   

نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری

نویسنده

محمدرضا یوسفی^*

مرکز تحقیقاتی ریزشبکه‌های هوشمند، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نجف‌آباد؛ استادیار، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد نجف‌آباد، ایران

چکیده

مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی یک روش تصویربرداری غیرهجومی ‌و غیرتداخلی از داخل یک جسم هدف، بر اساس انجام اندازه‌گیری‌ از روی سطح خارجی جسم و بدون تماس الکتریکی با آن است. در این روش با عبور یک جریان متناوب از یک یا چند سیم‌پیچ تحریک، یک میدان مغناطیسی تحریک در درون جسم مورد نظر ایجاد شده و ولتاژهای القایی در سیم پیچ‌های گیرنده اندازه‌گیری می‌شوند. بازسازی تصویر جسم با استفاده از نتایج حاصل از اندازه‌گیری، تخمین اولیه‌ای از ضرایب هدایت الکتریکی نواحی داخلی جسم، حل مسائل پیشرو و معکوس صورت می‌گیرد. از مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی در کاربردهای بالینی، می توان برای تصویربرداری از بافت‌های مختلف بدن استفاده کرد. مزایای این روش نسبت به سایر روش‌های مقطع‌نگاری الکتریکی در کاربردهای بالینی، بی‌نیازی آن از الکترودهای تماسی و بالاتربودن سطح ایمنی الکتریکی آن هستند. در سوی دیگر، یکی از نیاز‌های متخصصین صنعت کسب اطلاع از وضعیت داخلی لوله‌ها، مخزن‌ها و حفره‌های حاوی نفت، گاز و مشتقات آن‌ها است که به طور معمول دسترسی به داخل آن‌ها بدون قطع فرآیند تولید ممکن نیست. استفاده از مقطع نگاری القای مغناطیسی به عنوان یک روش تصویربرداری غیر مخرب از داخل خطوط لوله‌های انتقال نفت و گاز برای پایش مواد تشکیل دهنده سیال‌ها و اندازه گیری جریان و دبی سیال‌ها نیز در طی سال‌های اخیر از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار شده و در حال گسترش است. در این مقاله ضمن معرفی مختصر سیستم‌های ساخته شده مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی، مشخصات سیستم‌های ساخته شده در دو دسته کاربرد صنعتی و بالینی استخراج و مورد بحث و بررسی قرار خواهد گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

مقطع‌نگاری القای مغناطیسی؛ تصویر‌برداری القای مغناطیسی؛ مقطع نگاری لوله‌های نفت و گاز؛ تصویر برداری غیر مخرب لوله‌های نفت و گاز و پتروشیمی

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