تعیین کلون‌های متحمل به تنش خشکی چای (Camellia sinensis L.) با بررسی فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتیاکسیدانت

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

مقاله 1، دوره 13، شماره 49، فروردین 1397، صفحه 1-12   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مهدی رحیمی^{* 1}؛ مجتبی کردرستمی²؛ مجتبی مرتضوی¹؛ صنم صفایی چایی کار³

¹گروه بیوتکنولوژی، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، پژوهشگاه علوم و تکنولوژی پیشرفته و علوم محیطی، دانشگاه تحصیلات تکمیلی صنعتی و فناوری پیشرفته، کرمان، ایران.

²گروه بیوتکنولوژی، دانشکده علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران.

³پژوهشکده چای، موسسه تحقیقات علوم باغبانی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، لاهیجان، ایران.

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت 14 کلون چای در شرایط نرمال و تنش خشکی، دو آزمایش جداگانه به‌صورت طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با دو تکرار در سال زراعی 1396 در ایستگاه تحقیقات چای فشالم (رشت) اجرا گردید. در هر دو طرح، آبیاری به‌صورت معمول تا آخر تیر ماه انجام شد؛ اما در تیمار خشکی، از ابتدای مرداد تا موقع برداشت برگ‌های چای، آبیاری قطع گردید. در آخر مرداد، از هر کرت در هر دو آزمایش، برگ کلون‌های چای برداشته شده و به فریزر 80- منتقل شدند. فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت آسکوربات پراکسیداز، سوپراُکسیددیس‌موتاز، کاتالاز، فنیل‌آلانین آمونیالیاز، لیپید پراکسیداز، میزان مالون‌دی‌آلدئید، بتاکاروتن و لیکوپن اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد که تنش خشکی باعث افزایش فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت گردید. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست‌آمده از مقایسات میانگین، کلون‌های 100، 399 و بذری تحت شرایط تنش خشکی دارای بیشترین مقادیر برای بیشترین مقدار فعالیت آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانت آسکوربات پراکسیداز، سوپراُکسیددیس‌موتاز، کاتالاز، پراکسیداز، فنیل‌آلانین آمونیالیاز، لیپید پراکسیداز بودند. در طرف مقابل، این کلو‌ن‌ها کمترین مقدار را برای مالون‌دی‌آلدئید دارا بودند. این مساله تحمل نسبی آن‌ها را به خشکی نشان می‌دهد. کلون‌های 278 و 276 با کمترین مقدار آنزیم‌های آنتی اکسیدانت در شرایط تنش خشکی (بجز مالون‌دی‌آلدئید) به‌عنوان کلون‌های حساس در نظر گرفته شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بتاکاروتن؛ پراکسیداز؛ تحمل به خشکی؛ کاتالاز؛ مالون‌دیآلدهید

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