Comparison effect of ethanolic seed extract of Melia Azedarach L. ‎‎(Meliaceae) against two Aphid species

Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)

مقاله 1، دوره 2، شماره 4، اسفند 2012، صفحه 223-228   

نوع مقاله: Original article

نویسندگان

Elham Salari^{* 1}؛ Kamal Ahmadi²؛ Reza Zamani Dehyaghobi²

¹Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of ‎Kerman, Kerman, Iran

²Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Shahid Bahonar University of ‎Kerman, Kerman, Iran;

چکیده

Background & Aim: Aphids are of serious pests and vectors of multitude of viral diseases of field crops, vegetables, ‎and greenhouse crops. They have displayed a remarkable ability to establish resistance to ‎almost every insecticide with which it has been treated. To reduce the damage of these pests ‎and dependence on the sometimes unwise use of synthetic pesticides in crop and vegetable ‎plantations, the toxicity of ethanolic seed extract of Melia azedarach L. (Meliaceae) was ‎assayed against 3-4 days-old individuals of Aphis gossypii Glover and Myzus persicae (Sulzer) ‎‎(Hemiptera: Aphididae).‎
Experimental: In this study, M. azedarach L. seeds were collected from Kerman, Iran. They were milled and ‎powdered and extracted with ethanol (95%) solvent. All experiments with different ‎concentrations were conducted by topical test bioassay in laboratory. The treated aphids were ‎reared at 25±1 °C temperature, relative humidity of 60±10 % and 16 hours of artificial light at ‎an intensity of about 4000 lux. Ethanol (95%) was used as control treatments. ‎
Results & Discussion: The results indicated that in the concentration 60 µl/ml, the mortality of A. gossypii treatment ‎after 24 h was 95% and it was significantly higher than M. persicae treatment (p<0.005). ‎Also the LC₅₀ of ethanol seed extracts of M. azedarach for A. gossypii and M. persicae after ‎‎24 hr was 13.7 and 15.0 µl/ml, respectively.‏‎ It is concluded that the ethanolic seed extract ‎of M. azedarach may be applicable as a safe insecticide to aphid's control in IPM programs‏.‏   





Industrial and Practical Recommendations: According to this research, ethanolic seed extract of Melia azedarach L has good pesticide effects and can be used as a low-risk pesticide for controlling aphids in IPM. Due to the less destructive effects of herbal pesticides on humans and environment than chemical ones, these compositions can be recommended as a low-risk pesticide or as a model for making new pesticides for eradicating the pests.    

کلیدواژه‌ها

Melia azedarach؛ topical test؛ LC50‎

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