Qualitative and quantitative changes in the essential oil of sage (Salvia hydrangea DC exBenth.) as affected by different drying methods

Journal of Medicinal Herbs, "J. Med Herb" (Formerly known as Journal of Herbal Drugs or J. Herb Drug)

مقاله 7، دوره 7، شماره 4، فروردین 2017، صفحه 269-274   

نوع مقاله: Original article

نویسندگان

Forugh Mahdiyan¹؛ Abdollah Ghasemi Pirbalouti^{* 2}؛ Fatemeh Malekpoor¹

¹Medicinal Plants Department, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, 88146, Iran

²Research Center of Medicinal Plants & Ethno-veterinary, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord Branch, Shahrekord, Iran;

چکیده

Background & Aim: Salvia hydrangea is one of the medicinal plants belonging to Lamiaceae family. Medicinal plants can be marketed as fresh or dried products; however aromatic plants are often dried before extraction to reduce moisture content. The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of different drying methods on qualitative and quantitative changes in essential oil of sage.
Experimental: To determine the effect of drying methods on qualitative and quantitative characteristics of the plant essential oil, samples were dried in sunlight, shade, mechanical oven at 65ºC and then compared with fresh samples. The essential oils of all samples were extracted by hydrodistillation and analyzed using GC and GC–MS.
Results: The results showed that different drying methods had significant effects on essential oil content. According to results fresh herbs had the highest essential oil content followed by shade drying, sun drying and oven drying samples, respectively. Significant changes in chemical compound amount of the essential oils were observed which associated with the drying methods. Significant differences occurred among several constituents in the extracted essential oils, including a-pinene, camphene, phellandrene, 1,8-cineole and bornylacetate.
Recommended applications/industries: Drying of Salvia hydrangea aerial parts in the shade is more suitable for obtaining higher amount of oil yield and percentage of a-pinene and 1,8-cineole. Therefore, shade drying could be recommended for extraction of essential oil from this plant on an industrial scale.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Salvia hydrangea؛ Essential oil؛ a-pinene

مراجع

Adams, R.P. (2007). Identification of Essential Oil Components by Gas Chromatog-raphy/Quadrupole Mass Spectroscopy. Allured Publishing Corporation, CarolStream, IL, USA.

Ahmadi, K., Sefidkon, F. and Assareh, M. H. (2008). Effect of drying methods on quantity and quality of essential oil three genotype of Rosa damascene Mill. Iranian Journal of Medicinal and Aromatic Plant, 24(2),162-176.

Alziar, G. 1988–1993. Catalogue synonymique des Salvia L. du monde (Lamiaceae). I.–VI. BiocosmeMesogeen 5 (3–4): 87–136; 6 (1–2, 4): 79–115, 163–204; 7 (1–2): 59–109; 9 (2–3): 413–497; 10 (3–4): 33–117.

Asekun, O. T., Grierson, D. S., Afolayan, A. J. (2007). Effects of drying methods on the quality and quantity of the essential oil of Menthalongifolia L. subsp. capensis. Food Chemistry, 101(3), 995–998

Diaz-Maroto, M. C., Perez-Coello, M. S., Cabezudo, M. D. (2002). Effect of drying method on the volatiles in bay leaf (Laurusnobilis L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 50(16): 4520–4524.

Diaz-Maroto, M. C., Perez-Coello, M. S., Vias, M. G., Cabezudo, M. D. (2003). Influence of drying on the flavor quality of spearmint (Menthaspicata L.). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 51(5): 1265–1269.

Diaz-Maroto, M. C., Sanchez Palomo, E., Castro, L., Vias, G., Perez-Coello, M. S. (2004). Changes produced in the aroma compounds and structural integrity of basil (Ocimumbasilicum L.) during drying. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 84(15): 2070–2076.

Farimani, M.M., Bahadori, M.B., Taheri, S., Ebrahimi, S.N., Zimmermann, S., Brun, R., Amin, G., Hamburger, M. (2011). Triterpenoids with rare carbon skeletons from Salvia hydrangea: antiprotozoal activity and absolute configurations. Journal of Natural Products. 74: 2200- 2205.

GhasemiPirbalouti, A., Mahdad, E. and Craker, L., (2013a). Effects of drying methods on qualitative and quantitative properties of essential oil of two basil landraces. Food Chemistry., 141(3): 2440-2449.

GhasemiPirbalouti, A., Oraie, M., Pouriamehr, M., &Babadi, E. S. (2013b). Effects of drying methods on qualitative and quantitative of the essential oil of Bakhtiari savory (SaturejabachtiaricaBunge.). Industrial Crops and Products., 46, 324-327.

Hamrouni-Sellami, I., Wannes, W. A., Bettaieb, I., Berrima, S., Chahed, T., Marzouk, B., et al. (2011). Qualitative and quantitative changes in the essential oil of Laurusnobilis L. leaves as affected by different drying methods. Food Chemistry, 126(2): 691–697.

Morris, S.E., Davies, N.W., Brown, P.H., Groom, T. (2006). Effect of drying conditions on pyrethrins content. Industrial Crops and Products, 23: 9-14.

Omidbaigi, R., Sefidkon, F. and Kazem, F., (2004). Influence of drying methods on the essential oil content and composition of Roman chamomile. Flavor and Fragrance Journal. 19, 196-198.

Rahimmalek, M., &Goli, S. A. H. (2013). Evaluation of six drying treatments with respect to essential oil yield, composition and color characteristics of Thymysdaenensis subsp. daenensisCelak leaves. Industrial Crops and Products, 42, 613–619.

Rechinger, K.H. (Ed.), (1963–2005). Flora Iranica. Lfg. 1-176. Graz. AkademischeDrucku.-Verlagsanstalt. Graz.

Sangwan, A., Kawatra, A., Sehgal, S. (2012). Nutritional composition of gin-ger powder prepared using various drying methods. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 51(9): 2260-2262.

Venskutonis, P., (1997). Effect of drying on the volatile constituents of thym (Thymus vulgaris L.) and sage (Salvia officinalis L.). Food Chem. 59, 219–227.

Yousif, A.N., Scaman, C.H., Durance, T.D., Girard, B., (1999). Flavor volatiles and physical properties of vacuum-microwave- and air-dried sweet basil (Ocimumbasilicum L.). J. Agric. Food Chem. 47, 4777–4781.

Yuan, Z., Zhezhi, W. (2007). Influenced of drying methods on chemical composition of the essential oil of Glechoma longitude. Chemistry of Natural Compounds; 43 (5): 625-628.

Zhiming F., Hang W., Xiaofei H., Zhaolin S., Chunchao H. (2013). The Pharmacological Properties of Salvia Essential Oils, Journal of Applied Pharmaceutical Science. 3 (7): 122-127.