Effect of Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) on the Seed Germination, Seedling Growth and Photosynthetic Pigments of Astragalus caragana under Drought Stress

Journal of Rangeland Science

مقاله 5، دوره 9، شماره 4، دی 2019، صفحه 364-377   

نوع مقاله: Research and Full Length Article

نویسندگان

Marzieh Sabeti¹؛ Pejman Tahmasebi²؛ Elham Ghehsareh Ardestani^{* 3}؛ Farzaneh Nikookhah⁴

¹Graduated in Range Management, Shahrekord University

²Faculty Natural and Resources and Earth Sciences, Rangeland and watershed management, Shahrekord university

³Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran, Central Laboratory, Shahrekord University, Shahrekord, Iran

⁴Faculty of Natural Resources and Earth Sciences, Shahrekord university

چکیده

Drought stress is one of the most important factors limiting plant growth all around the world. Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria (PGPR) can significantly reduce drought stress effects on plants growth. This study was aimed to investigate the influence of PGPR (inoculation by Azospirillum lipoferum, Azotobacter chroococcum, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Bacillus cereus) on seed germination, seedling growth and photosynthetic pigments of Astragalus caragana under four levels of drought stress (0, -0.2, -0.4, -0.8 MPa) in laboratory conditions in Shahrekord University, Iran, 2017. Among the four PGPR treatments, A. chroococcum was eliminated because seeds failed to germinate and were identified as agent pathogenies. The results showed that inoculation by PGPR had a significant effect on all germination traits except shoot length. The effect of drought stress was significant on all traits expect mean germination time. The PGPR by drought stress interaction effect was significant on shoot length, embryonic leaf and seedling fresh weight, embryonic leaf and seedling dry weight, and root length. The highest and lowest seed germination indices and seedling length were related to first (control and -0.2 MPa) and second (-0.4, -0.8 MPa) levels of drought stress, respectively. It was concluded that P. aeruginosa was more effective in embryonic leaf fresh weight (0 and -0.2 MPa), embryonic leaf and seedling dry weight (total levels of drought stress); B. cereus (0 MPa) and A. lipoferum (0, -0.2, and -0.4 MPa) showed relatively better performance on root length and B. cereus (0 MPa), A. lipoferum (total levels of drought stress) and P. aeruginosa(-0.2 and -0.4 MPa; total levels of drought stress, respectively) improved growth of shoot and seedling fresh weight of the Astragalus caragana.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Plant germination؛ Plant growth؛ Germination indices؛ Chlorophyll؛ Carotenoid

مراجع

A. Noumavo, P., Kochoni, E., O. Didagbe, Y., Adjanohoun, A., Allagbe, M., Sikirrou, R., W. Gachomo, E., O. Kotchoni, S. and Baba-Moussa, L., 2013. Effect of different plant promoting rhizobacteria on maize seed germination and seedling development. American Journal of Plant Sciences, 4: 1013-1021.

Abdul-Baki. A. and Anderson, J. D. 1973. Vigour determination in soybean by multiple criteria. Crop Science13, 630-633.

Agrawal, R. L. and Dadlani, M., 1995. Seed the technology, second edition. Oxford and IBH publishing co. PVT. LTD.

Ahmadi, U. and Barker, D. A., 2000. Stomatal and nonstomatal factors limiting of photosynthesis in wheat under drought stress. Journal of Agriculture, 31: 813-825.

Ardestani, E. G., Tarkesh, M., Bassiri, M. and Vahabi, M. R., 2015. Potential habitat modeling for reintroduction of three native plant species in central Iran. Journal Arid land, 7(3): 381-390.

Bahmani, M., Jalali, G. A., Asgharzadeh, A. and Tabari Kouchaksaraei, M., 2016. Effect of inoculation growth promotion bacterium Pseudomonas putida on tolerance to salinity of Calotropis procera Ait. Seedlings. Arid Biom Scientific and Research Journal, 6(1): 81-94. (In Persian).

Delshadi, S., Ebrahimi, M. and Shirmohammadi, E., 2017a. Influence of plant growth promoting bacteria on germination, growth and nutrients uptake of Onobrychis sativa L. under drought stress. Journalof Plant Interactions, 12(1): 200-208.

Delshadi, S., Ebrahimi, M. and Shirmohammadi, E., 2017b. Plant growth promoting bacteria effects on growth, photosynthetic pigments and root nutriants uptake of Avena sativa L. under drought stress. Desert, 22(1): 107-116.

Ebrahimi, M., Ricki Maryshany, A. and Shirmohammadi, E., 2016. Effect of extract of fast growing species Trifolium alexandrinum L. on germination, photosynthetic pigments and nutrient uptake of Prosopis cineraria (L.) Druce. Ecopersia, 4: 1493-1503.

Efeoglu, B., Ekmekci, Y. and Cicek, N., 2009. Physiological responses of three maize cultivars to drought stress and recovery. South African Journal of Botany, 75: 34-42.

Friedel, M. H., Laycock, W. A. and Bastin, G. N., 2000. Assessing rangeland condition and trend. In: Mannetje, Lʹt., Jones R. M. (Eds.) Field and Laboratory Methods for Grassland and Animal Production Research, Wallingford, UK, 227-262.

Gholami, A., Shahsavani, S. and Nezarat, S., 2009. The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on germination, seedling growth and yield of maize. International Journal of Agriculture and Biosystems Engineering, 3(1): 9-14.

Jahanian, A., Chaichi, M. R., Rezaei, K., Rezayazdi, K. and Khavazi, K., 2012. The effect of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on germination and primary growth of artichoke (Cynara scolymus). International Journal of Agriculture and Crop Sciences, 4(14): 923-929.

Kavandi, A., Jafari, A. A. and Jafarzadeh, M., 2018. Effect of seed priming on enhancement of seed germination and seedling growth of annual sainfon (Onobrychis crista-galli (L.) Lam.) in medium and long-term collection of gene bank. Journal of Rangeland Sciences, 8(2): 117-128.

Kaya, M. D., Okçu, G., Atak, M., Çikili, Y. and Kolsarıcı, O., 2006. Seed treatments to overcome salt and drought stress during germination in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). European journal of agronomy, 24(4): 291-295.

Lichtenthaler H. K. and Wellburn, A. R., 1983. Determinations of total carotenoids and chlorophylls a and b of leaf extracts in different solvents, Biochemical Society Transactions, 11: 591–592.

Lucy, M., Reed, E. and Glick, B. R., 2004. Applications of free living plant growth promoting rhizobacteria Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek, 86(1): 1–25.

Maassoumi, A. A., 1998. Astragalus in the Old World Check-list Iran: Research Institute of Forests and Rangelands, 347−348.

Manivannan, P., Jaleel, C. A., Zhao, C. X., Somasundaram, R., Azooz, M. M. and Panneerselvam, R., 2008. Variations in growth and pigment composition of sunflower varieties under early season drought stress. Global Journal of Molecular Sciences, 3: 50-56.

Michel, B. E. and Kaufmann, M. R., 1973. The Osmotic potential of polyethylene glycol 6000. Plant Physiology, 51: 914-916.

Nakhaee Nezhad Fard, S., Karimi, K. and Khosravi, H., 2013. Assessment of climate drought and its economic effects (Case study: South Khorasan province, Iran). Journal of Rangeland Sciences,4(1): 62-70.

Radnezhad, H., Mortazaeinezhad, F., Naghipour, A. A., Behtari, B. and Abari, M. F., 2015. Evaluation of drought resistance and yield in PGPR-primed seeds of Festuca arundinacea Schreb under different levels of osmotic potential and field capacity. Journal of Pure and Applied Microbiology, 9(3): 2059-2068. (In Persian).

Saric-Krsmanovic, M., Bozic, D., Radivojevic, L., Umiljendic, J. G., Santric, L. and Vrbnicanin, S., 2017. Effects of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) and cover crops on seed germination and early establishment of field dodder (Cuscuta campestris Yunk.). Journal Pesticides and Phytomdicine. (Belgrade), 32(2): 105-111.

Shirinzadeh, A., Soleimanzadeh, H. and Shirinzadeh, Z., 2013. Effect of seed priming with plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) on agronomic traits and yield of barley cultivars. World Applied Sciences Journal, 21(5): 727-731.

Zandi Esfahan, E. and Azarnivand, H., 2013. Effect of water stress on seed germination of Agropyron elongatum, Agropyron desertorum&Secale montanum. Desert, 17: 249-253.

Yousefian, M., Jafari, M., Tavili, A., Arzani and H., Jafarian, Z., 2018. The effect of super absorbent polymer on Atriplex lentiformis Growth and soil characteristics under drought stress (case study: desert research station, Semnan, Iran). Journal of Rangeland Sciences, 8(1): 65-76.