بررسی دلایل نقش‌آفرینی روسیه در تحولات سوریه

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی نگرش های نو در جغرافیای انسانی

مقاله 4، دوره 11، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 41، اسفند 1397، صفحه 57-74   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی استخراج ازرساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

محمدحسین حاجیلو¹؛ روح اله حسین وند شکری^{* 2}؛ زهرا قاسم اقدمی قره تپه³

¹عضو هیات علمی دانشگاه پیام نور تهران، ایران

²دانش آموخته کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشکده جغرافیا، دانشگاه تهران، ایران

³دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد جغرافیای سیاسی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
با شکل­گیری تحولات سوریه، قدرت‌های منطقه­ای و فرا منطقه‌ای ذی‌نفع و تأثیرگذار بر اساس منافع و علایق خود جهت­گیری­های مختلفی را در رابطه با این کشور داشته­اند. یکی از این قدرت‌های فرا منطقه‌ای، روسیه است که به نقش‌آفرینی در تحولات سوریه پرداخته است. روسیه به علت داشتن منافع مختلف به‌ویژه امنیتی، نظامی، اقتصادی و سیاسی تلاش کرده است تا حد امکان با حمایت­های سیاسی و بعضاً نظامی از سقوط دولت بشار اسد و افتادن حاکمیت سوریه به دست معارضان تحت حمایت محور غربی- عربی جلوگیری کند. بنابراین، نقش‌آفرینی روسیه در سوریه عمدتاً باهدف رقابت ژئوپولیتیکی با ایالات‌متحده آمریکا؛ توازن قدرت منطقه‌ای با ایلات متحده امریکا؛ گسترش حوزه نفوذ و قلمرو ژئوپولیتیکی خود در منطقه غرب آسیا، حفظ سوریه به‌عنوان آخرین پایگاه خود در منطقه غرب آسیا، جلوگیری از به قدرت رسیدن گروه‌های افراطی و تروریستی در سوریه، حمایت همه‌جانبه از مردم و نظام فعلی سوریه و جلوگیری از سقوط نظام سوریه بوده است. از­ این­رو در پژوهش حاضر ابعاد مختلف نقش‌آفرینی و راهبردهای روسیه در قبال بحران سوریه با استفاده از روش توصیفی و تحلیلی موردبررسی و ارزیابی قرارگرفته است تا مدلی قابل‌قبول از رفتار روسیه دراین‌باره ارائه شود. بر این اساس، هدف این پژوهش بررسی دلایل نقش‌آفرینی روسیه در تحولات سوریه است. سؤال پژوهش این است که دلایل نقش‌آفرینی روسیه در تحولات سوریه چگونه است؟ این تحقیق با روش توصیفی­– تحلیلی انجام‌شده و داده­های موردنیاز از طریق منابع کتابخانه­ای، اسنادی و الکترونیک گردآوری شده است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

واژگان کلیدی: ژئوپولیتیک؛ قدرت فرا منطقه‌ای؛ تحولات سوریه؛ روسیه

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