تبیین تأثیرات ژئوپلیتیکی اندیشه و کنش سیاسی داعش برای تأسیس کشور و حکومت ایدئولوژیک در منطقه خاورمیانه

فصلنامه علمی و پژوهشی نگرش های نو در جغرافیای انسانی

مقاله 3، دوره 11، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 42، اردیبهشت 1398، صفحه 31-52   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی استخراج ازرساله و پایان نامه

نویسندگان

فاطمه پورحسین¹؛ محمد اخباری^{* 2}

¹دانش آموخته دکتری جغرافیای سیاسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران‌، ایران

²دانشیار جغرافیای سیاسی، واحد تهران مرکزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی‌، تهران‌، ایران

چکیده

چکیده
دولت اسلامی عراق و شام مهم­ترین بحران ژئوپلیتیکی منطقه خاورمیانه و حتی جهان در برهه کنونی به شما می­رود. این گروه هم در اندیشه و هم در کنش سیاسی نشان داده است که به دنبال تغییر در نظم کنونی سیاسی، فرهنگی و اجتماعی خاورمیانه و در ادامه در کل جهان است. هدف مقاله حاضر تبیین تأثیرات ژئوپلیتیکی اندیشه و کنش سیاسی داعش برای تأسیس کشور و حکومت ایدئولوژیک در منطقه خاورمیانه است. سؤال اصلی مقاله این است که اندیشه و کنش سیاسی داعش برای تأسیس کشور و حکومت ایدئولوژیک در منطقه خاورمیانه چه تأثیرات ژئوپلیتیکی داشته است؟ فرضیه­ای را که برای پاسخ­گویی به این سؤال در صدد آزمون آن برآمده­ایم این است که ژئوپلیتیک منطقه خاورمیانه در اثر اقدامات داعش بیش از پیش به دوران وستفالیایی خود رجعت نموده است و تقابلات ژئوپلیتیک بین واحدهای سیاسی منطقه بالا گرفته و شاهد نوعی پارادوکس استراتژیک بین منافع ژئوپلیتیک و تخاصمات ژئوپلیتیک در روابط منطقه­ای و فرا منطقه‌ای خاورمیانه هستیم. نتایج این مقاله نیز نشان می­دهد که با توجه به حساسیت ژئوپلیتیکی منطقه خاورمیانه اندیشه و کنش سیاسی داعش بی‌اعتمادی و واگرایی را در منطقه خاورمیانه عمق بخشیده است و امنیت سیاسی و مرزی و جغرافیایی بر پویش­های اقتصادی و اجتماعی و فرهنگی و سیاسی منطقه سایه افکنده است. با توجه به این مقدمه در این مقاله تلاش شده است که با استفاده از منابع کتابخانه­ای و استفاده از جداول و نقشه­ها و نمودارها تأثیرات ژئوپلیتیکی اندیشه و کنش سیاسی داعش برای تأسیس کشور و حکومت ایدئولوژیک در منطقه خاورمیانه تحلیل و تبیین شود.

Abstract
Islamic State of Iraq and Syria is the most important geopolitical crisis in the Middle East and even the world at the present time.The group has shown both political thought and political thought that it seeks to change the current political, cultural and social order of the Middle East and beyond in the whole world.The purpose of this article is to explain the geopolitical effects of ISIL's political thought and action on the establishment of an ideological and ideological government in the Middle East.The main question of the article is that what has been the geopolitical impact of ISIL's political thought and action in establishing the country and the ideological government in the Middle East? The hypothesis we are testing is to answer this question that is the geopolitics of the Middle East have already reverted to their Westphalian era as a result of ISIL's actions. And geopolitical controversies between the geopolitical unit of the upper region and we see a kind of paradox between geopolitical interests and geopolitical conflicts in the Middle East's regional and trans-regional relations. The results of this paper also show that, given the geopolitical sensitivity of the Middle East region ISIL's political thought and action have deepened distrust and divergence in the Middle East and prioritized political, territorial, and geographical security over the economic, social, cultural and political dynamics of the region. According to this introduction, this paper attempts to analyze and explain the geopolitical effects of ISIL's political thought and activities on the establishment of the country and the ideological regime in the Middle East using library resources and the use of tables, maps and charts.

کلیدواژه‌ها

واژگان کلیدی: داعش؛ منطقه خاورمیانه؛ بحران ژئوپلیتیکی؛ حکومت ایدئولوژیک

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