اثر سالسیلیک اسید بر صفات مرتبط با دانه و عملکرد و برخی از ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیک سینگل کراس 704 ذرت در شرایط متفاوت آبیاری

مجله علمی- پژوهشی اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی

مقاله 2، دوره 11، شماره 37، تیر 1398، صفحه 13-25   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مهرداد یارنیا^{* 1}؛ پرستو آق مسجدی²

¹گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

²دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، واحد تبریز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

این بررسی با هدف مطالعه تاثیر تیمارهای آبیاری در مراحل رشدی و محلول پاشی اسید سالسیلیک بر رشد و عملکرد ذرت (Zea mays L.) در سه تکرار به صورت کرت های دوبارخردشده با طرح بلوک‌های ‌کامل تصادفی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تبریز و با تیمار های اسید اسکوربیک در دو سطح و تنش آبی در سه سطح انجام پذیرفت. اعمال کم آبی در تمامی مراحل رشدی، کاهش معنی داری در عملکرد دانه ذرت باعث شد. اعمال تیمار آبیاری پس از 110 میلی متر در مرحله پر شدن دانه تاثیری بر عملکرد دانه نداشت، ولی با تشدید کم آبی، کاهشی 6/25 درصد در عملکرد دانه بدست آمد. کاهش مشابهی با اعمال کم آبی در مرحله ظهور گل نر وجود داشت و در مرحله ظهور گل نر با اعمال رژیم های آبیاری پس از 110 و 150 میلی متر از عملکرد دانه بترتیب 3/23 و 7/29 درصد کاسته شد. بیشترین کاهش عملکرد با اعمال کم آبی در مرحله رشد رویشی بدست آمد و اعمال رژیم آبیاری پس از 150 میلی متر ، 9/53 درصد از عملکرد دانه ذرت کاست. محلول‌پاشی اسید سالسیلیک افزایش 7/17 درصدی را در عملکرد دانه ذرت را با میزان 1013 گرم در متر مربع باعث شد. در این بررسی کاهش سطح برگ و میزان کلروفیل، از عوامل مهم کاهنده عملکرد و اجزای عملکرد ذرت تحت تاثیر کم آبی بود ولی مصرف اسید سالسیلیک با تاثیر مثبت بر این صفات از خسارات تنش کم آبی کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بلال؛ تشتک تبخیر؛ رژیم آبیاری؛ محلول پاشی

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