بررسی اثر آلودگی‌های صنعتی بر تجمع آرسنیک در خاک و برخی واکنش‌های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه دارویی .Malva neglecta L

اکوفیتوشیمی گیاهان دارویی

مقاله 6، دوره 6، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 24، اسفند 1397، صفحه 69-84   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

زهرا عربی^{* 1}؛ زینب زاهد²

¹دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان، گرگان، ایران

²دانش آموخنه کارشناسی ارشد زیست گیاهی دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد گرگان

چکیده

آلودگی‌های زیست محیطی، از جمله فلزات سنگین یکی از معیارهای کنترل کیفیت گیاهان دارویی و محصولات فرآوری شده‌ی آنها می‌باشند. به منظور بررسی اثر آلودگی‌های صنعتی بر برخی واکنش‌های فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه پنیرک (Malva neglecta L.)، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در اراضی کشاورزی اطراف شهرک صنعتی بندر گز در استان گلستان در بهار 1392 اجرا گردید. فاکتور اول شامل فاصله از منبع آلودگی در چهار سطح (شاهد، 100، 200و 300 متر) و فاکتور دوم نوع اندام گیاه (هوایی و ریشه) بود. کرت شاهد نیز در همان منطقه در فاصله 1000 متری از منبع آلودگی در نظر گرفته شد. در این آزمایش مقدار آنتوسیانین، قند محلول کل، فلاونوئید، پروتئین، پرولین، آنزیم پراکسیداز، کاتالاز، گلیسین بتائین و آرسنیک و کادمیوم خاک و گیاه اندازه‌گیری شدند. نتایج نشان داد بیشترین میزان آنتوسیانین (37/6 میکرومول در گرم وزن تر اندام هوایی)، ، قند محلول (04/42 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن خشک اندام هوایی)، پرولین (05/15 میکرومول در گرم وزن خشک اندام هوایی) و گلیسین بتائین (99/46 میکروگرم در گرم وزن خشک اندام هوایی) در تیمار 200 متر فاصله از منبع آلودگی به دست آمد. بیشترین میزان پروتئین (099/0 گرم در کیلوگرم وزن خشک)، فلاونوئید (305/1 میلی‌گرم در گرم وزن خشک اندام هوایی)، آرسنیک (37/515 میکروگرم در کیلوگرم اندام هوایی) و فعالیت آنزیم‌های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز (به ترتیب 84/8 و 62/25 میکرومول آب اکسیژنه بر دقیقه ) مربوط به تیمار 100 متر فاصله از منبع آلودگی بود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

"آرسنیک"؛ "آنتوسیانین"؛ "پروتئین"؛ "پنیرک"؛ "قندهای محلول کل"

مراجع

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