اثر تیمار شوری بر رشد و برخی پارامترهای بیوشیمیایی گیاه سرخارگل ارغوانی (Echinacea purpurea L.)

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

مقاله 1، دوره 14، شماره 53، فروردین 1398، صفحه 1-15   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مهناز اقدسی^* ؛ محمد فاطمی؛ اسیه اسدی رکابدارکلایی

گروه زیست‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم، دانشگاه گلستان، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

سرخارگل (Echinaceae prupurea)، گیاهی علفی و چند ساله از تیره­ی کاسنی است که خواص دارویی متعددی از آن گزارش شده است. هدف از تحقیق حاضر بررسی اثر تنش شوری بر رشد و برخی پارامترهای بیوشیمیاییاین گیاه است. به این منظور گیاهچه­های سرخارگل به مدت 20 روز در محیط کشت هوگلند حاوی غلظت­های مختلف نمک (0، 25، 50، 75، 100 میلی­مولار) تیمار شدند. آزمایش در قالب طرح بلوک‌های تصادفی با 5 تکرار انجام شد.  نتایج حاصل نشان داد که شوری در سطوح مختلف اثر معنی­داری بر وزن خشک اندام هوایی نداشت. اما تیمار گیاهچه­ها با غلظت 25 میلی­مولار نمک سبب افزایش معنی­دار وزن خشک و تر ریشه گشت. همچنین تیمار شوری به‌ترتیب سبب افزایش و کاهش قندهای محلول بخش هوایی و ریشه شد. بررسی فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی‌اکسیدانت نشان داد که شوری بر فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز اثر معنی­داری نداشته و تنها در تیمار 75  میلی­مولار سبب افزایش معنی­دار فعالیت آنزیم پراکسیداز در هر دو بخش هوایی و ریشه شد. سنجش ترکیبات فنلی نیز نشان داد که تیمار شوری به‌ترتیب سبب کاهش و افزایش میزان این ترکیبات در بخش هوایی و ریشه گشت. نتایج حاصل از آنالیز HPLC میز نشان داد که بالاترین میزان شیکوریک اسید (3/1 میلی­گرم در هر گرم وزن خشک) مربوط به گیاهچه­های شاهد بود. در حالی که تیمار گیاهچه­ها با غلظت­های 25 و 50 میلی­مولار نمک اثر معنی­داری بر میزان شیکوریک اسید بخش هوایی نداست. از سویی دیگر تیمار 75 میلی­مولار نمک سبب کاهش میزان این ترکیب شد. نتایج تحقیق حاضر نشان داد که تیمار 50  میلی­مولار نمک به ترتیب سبب افزایش 2 و 5 برابری در میزان  کافئیک اسید (پیش ماده شیکوریک اسید) و کلروژنیک اسید در اندام ریشه شد. با توجه به شواهد حاضر به نظر می­رسد که با اعمال تنش شوری بتوان تولید ترکیبات با ارزش دارویی گیاه سرخارگل را افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رشد؛ سرخارگل؛ شیکوریک اسید؛ کافئیک اسید؛ کلروژنیک؛ فنل

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