برخی واکنش های فیزیولوژیکی دو رقم گندم نان به محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید در شرایط تنش خشکی

مجله علمی- پژوهشی اکوفیزیولوژی گیاهی

مقاله 6، دوره 11، شماره 38، مهر 1398، صفحه 61-76   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

فرشته دارابی¹؛ رحیم ناصری²؛ امیر میرزایی^{* 3}؛ میثم مرادی⁴

¹دانشجوی دکتری فیزیولوژی گیاهان زراعی، گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

²گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ایلام، ایلام، ایران

³بخش تحقیقات علوم زراعی و باغی، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان ایلام، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، ایلام، ایران

⁴مربی، گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی برخی واکنش‌های فیزیولوژیکی دو رقم گندم نان در پاسخ به محلول‌پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید در شرایط متغیر رطوبتی، آزمایشی به صورت اسپلیت پلات دوبار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در چهار تکرار در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی سرابله در سال زراعی 94-1393 انجام شد. فاکتورهای مورد بررسی شامل تیمارهای رطوبتی در سه سطح (کنترل (100)، 70 و 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی خاک) در کرت‌های اصلی، سالیسیلیک اسید در سه سطح (شاهد (صفر)، 50 و 100 میکرومولار) در کرت فرعی و دو رقم گندم نان (پیشتاز و بهار) در کرت‌های فرعی فرعی قرار گرفتند. صفات مورد بررسی شامل عملکرد، محتوای آب نسبی، نشت‌یونی، فتوسنتز و فعالیت کربوکسیلازی روبیسکو، هدایت روزنه‌ای و کربن دی اکسید زیر روزنه‌ای و میزان تعرق بودند. نتایج نشان داد که اثر متقابل تنش خشکی و محلول پاشی سالیسیلیک اسید در تمامی صفات مورد بررسی معنی‌دار بود. اگرچه با افزایش شدت تنش خشکی عملکرد دانه و محتوای نسبی آب کاهش یافت اما کاربرد سالیسیلیک اسید در این شرایط سبب بهبود این صفات شد. همچنین با افزایش شدت تنش خشکی نشت یونی افزایش یافت که با کاربرد سالیسیلیک اسید این میزان کاهش یافت. فتوسنتز و فعالیت کربوکسیلازی روبیسکو با افزایش سطوح غلظت سالیسیک اسید نسبت به شاهد (عدم محلول پاشی) کاهش یافت. به طور کلی با توجه به نقش سالیسیلک اسید در تقلیل تاثیر منفی تنش بر برخی فرایندهای فیزیولوژیکی مورد مطالعه در این پژوهش، کاربرد آن در شرایط تنش خشکی قابل توصیه می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تنش خشکی؛ فتوسنتز؛ محتوای نسبی آب؛ نشت یونی

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