اثر افزودن پرلیت در خاک بر برخی ویژگی‎های رشد و فیزیولوژی نهال‏های بلندمازو (Quercus castaneifolia C.A.M.) تحت تنش کم‎آبی

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

مقاله 1، دوره 14، شماره 55، مهر 1398، صفحه 1-12   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

زهره ذوقی¹؛ سید محسن حسینی^{* 2}؛ مسعود طبری کوچکسرایی²؛ یحیی کوچ²

¹گروه جنگل‌شناسی و اکولوژی جنگل، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، واحد نور، نور، ایران

²گروه جنگلداری، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس ، تهران، ایران

چکیده

تنش خشکی مهمترین تنش غیر زنده است که بر رشد، توسعه و عملکرد گیاهان تاثیر به‎سزایی دارد. این تحقیق به منظور بررسی اثر پرلیت، معرفی شده به عنوان اصلاح کننده خاک، روی پاسخ‎های رشد و فیزیولوژیکی نهال‎های بلندمازو تحت تنش کم‎آبی انجام شد. به این منظور آزمایشی در قالب طرح کامل تصادفی در شرایط گلخانه در مرکز تحقیقات کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان اجرا گشت. نهال‎های مورد نظر در بستر‎های مختلف پرلیت شامل صفر (بدون پرلیت)، 15، 25 و 35 درصد در خاک به مدت 5 ماه تحت تنش کم‎آبی در سه سطح 40، 70 و 100 درصد ظرفیت زراعی قرار گرفتند. اندازه‏گیری تبادلات گازی شامل فتوسنتز، هدایت روزنه‎ای و تعرق و نیز پتانسیل آبی برگ، رویش قطری و ارتفاعی و وزن خشک ریشه، ساقه، برگ نهال‏های بلندمازو در تیمارهای مختلف در آخر دوره انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد که اثر سطوح مختلف تنش رطوبتی و پرلیت بر صفات مورد بررسی معنی‎دار بود. کمبود آب تا 40 درصد ظرفیت زراعی سبب کاهش 51 و 68 درصد به ترتیب در میزان فتوسنتز وهدایت روزنه‎ای برگ نهال‎های بلندمازو شد. بیشترین میزان رویش قطری، طولی و وزن خشک نهال‎های بلندمازو در شرایط عادی و تنش به ترتیب در تیمار 25 و 35 درصد پرلیت مشاهده گشت. نتایج این تحقیق نشان داد افزودن پرلیت به خاک (25 درصد) در رشد نهال‎های بلندمازو مؤثر بود و ویژگی‎های فیزیولوژیکی را در شرایط تنش کم‌آبی بهبود بخشید.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اصلاح خاک؛ تنش خشکی؛ پتانسیل آبی برگ؛ تبادلات گازی؛ نهالستان

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