ارزیابی اثر تلفیقی کودهای آلی با شیمیایی بر برخی خصوصیات مورفولوژیکی، فیزیولوژیکی، اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد فلفل دلمه‌ای سبز (Caspsicum annuum, Var. Traviata) در شرایط مزرعه

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

مقاله 4، دوره 14، شماره 55، مهر 1398، صفحه 39-51   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

سید فاضل فاضلی کاخکی¹؛ حسین رضوانی^{* 2}؛ مرتضی گلدانی³؛ نسترن همتی⁴

¹مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاوری و منابع طبیعی خراسان رضوی، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، مشهد، ایران،

²مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گلستان، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، گرگان، ایران،

³گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران،

⁴گروه گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران،

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی اثر تلفیقی کودهای آلی و شیمیایی بر خصوصیات رویشی و عملکرد فلفل دلمه­ای سبز، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی در سه تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد در سال 1396 اجرا شد. تیمارها شامل شاهد (بدون اضافه کردن هیچ کودی)، کود شیمیایی NPK، کود دامی، ورمی­کمپوست، ورمی­کمپوست+ شیمیایی، دامی+ شیمیایی، دامی+ ورمی­کمپوست و دامی+ ورمی کمپوست+ شیمیایی بود. نتایج نشان داد که اعمال کود تلفیقی دام و شیمیایی سبب افزایش چشمگیری بسیاری از شاخص‌های مورفولوژیکی و اجزای عملکرد در گیاه شد. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته، تعداد برگ، سطح برگ، وزن خشک اندام هوایی، شاخص اسپد، طول میوه، تعداد میوه در بوته و وزن تر میوه در بوته از اعمال تیمار کود دامی به همراه کود شیمیایی به دست آمد. استفاده از کود دام و شیمیایی سبب افزایش 45 درصدی هدایت روزنه نسبت به شاهد شد. بیشترین تعداد حفره در میوه از تیمار ورمی کمپوست و بیشترین قطر میوه از ترکیب کود ورمی کمپوست و کود شیمیایی حاصل شد. به‌طورکلی نتایج نشان داد استفاده توام کود دامی و شیمیایی, به‌دلیل اثر بهبود­ دهندگی ساختمان فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک، تحریک برخی میکروارگانیسم­ها و در دسترس قرار دادن عناصر غذایی سبب افزایش بسیاری از صفات مورفولوژیکی، اجزای عملکرد و عملکرد فلفل دلمه­ای شد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسپد؛ فلفل دلمه‌ای؛ کود آلی؛ هدایت روزنه‌ای

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