بررسی اثر بهبود دهنده اسید سالسیلیک و کیتوزان در گیاه باباآدم (Arctium lappa L.) تحت تنش خشکی

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

مقاله 3، دوره 14، شماره 56، دی 1398، صفحه 39-56   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

رضا نورا؛ علی رضا صفاهانی^*

گروه کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران.

چکیده

اسید سالسیلک و کیتوزان مقاومت در برابر خشکی را با استفاده از مکانیسم­های مختلف افزایش می­دهند. به همین منظور آزمایش  مزرعه ای در رابطه با تأثیر کاربرد کیتوزان و اسید سالسیلیک بر صفات مورفولوژی و فیزیولوژی در گیاه دارویی باباآدم در شرایط تنش خشکی به صورت کرت­های خردشده در قالب طرح بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با چهار تکرار در دو سال 1396 و 1397 در ایستگاه تحقیقاتی دانشگاه پیام نور اصفهان اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایش شامل عامل اصلی آبیاری در سه سطح، آبیاری پس از 40، 60 و 80 درصد تخلیه رطوبتی قابل دسترس (I₁-I₃) و عامل فرعی محلول پاشی در چهار سطح، عدم محلول­پاشی، محلول­پاشی کیتوزان 5 گرم بر لیتر، محلول­پاشی اسید سالسیلیک 1 میلی­گرم بر لیتر و کاربرد توام آنها (S₁-S₄) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که تشدید کم آبی میزان موسیلاژ، فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی اکسیدان و گونه­های واکنشی اکسیژن در گیاه باباآدم را نسبت به عدم تنشI₁، افزایش داد. میزان موسیلاژ ریشه افزایش­ 61 و 110 درصدی  را در تیمار I2 و­I3  در مقایسه با تیمار I1، بدون در نظر گرفتن محلول پاشی نشان داد. همچنین کاربرد کیتوزان و اسید سالسیلیک اثرات منفی کم آبی را بر پارامترهای تبادل گازی، محتوی کلروفیل، جذب عناصر غذایی و وضعیت آبی گیاه را کاهش داد. مقدار فتوسنتز خالص در گیاه باباآدم در تیمار محلول پاشی S2-S4 در مقایسه با تیمار عدم محلول پاشی S1 بدون توجه به تیمار­های آبیاری را بطور متوسط به ترتیب 9/1، 9/2 و 4/2 میکرومول دی­اکسیدکربن در مترمربع در ثانیه افزایش داد. بنابراین می­توان نتیجه گیری کرد که کاربرد اسید سالیسیلیک و کیتوزان به طور موثری باعث افزایش کارایی گیاه باباآدم در تنش خشکی شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

اسید سالسیلیک؛ باباآدم؛ کم آبیاری؛ کیتوزان؛ موسیلاژ

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