بررسی حس تعلق در پهنه‌های تاریخی با تأکید بر متغییرهایی کالبدی و محیطی (مطالعه موردی: پهنه‌های ارگ-گنجعلیخان، مظفری و قلعه محمود شهر کرمان)

مطالعات برنامه ریزی سکونتگاه های انسانی

مقاله 1، دوره 15، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 51، تیر 1399، صفحه 333-352   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

حمید محمدی¹؛ میترا قربی^{* 2}

¹استادیار گروه شهرسازی دانشکده هنر و معماری دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

²عضو علمی گروه شهرسازی دانشکده هنر و معماری دانشگاه پیام نور، ایران

چکیده

امروزه مفهوم مکان و حس مکان یکی از مهم‌ترین مسائل پیشِ روی شهرسازی معاصر است. درگذشته شهرها از توانایی بالایی برای برقراری تعامل بین انسان و فضا برخوردار بودند؛ اما امروزه در بیشتر بافت‌های تاریخی باوجود پتانسیل‌های بسیار، کیفیت نامطلوبمحیطی و کالبدی، سبب ضعیف شدنپیوندهایاجتماعیبینساکنینمی‌شودکهاین امرزمینه‌ساز کاهش ارتباطاتپایدار، عدم مشارکت، کاهشحس تعلقوزوال تدریجیاین بافت‌ها می‌گردد.این مسئله،نگارندگانرابر آنداشت تا بهتبیینارتباطبین معیارهایکیفیتمحیط(محیطی و کالبدی)برحس تعلقدر پهنه‌های تاریخی شهر کرمان بپردازند. روش پژوهش ازنظر هدف کاربردی- توسعه‌ای و ازنظر ماهیت، توصیفی و علی تطبیقی می‌باشد. ابزار مورداستفاده جهت جمع‌آوری اطلاعات پرسش­نامه بوده و اطلاعات در نمونه‌ای به حجم 374 نفر مورد تحلیل قرارگرفت. یافته‌های پژوهش نشان داد که رابطه مستقیم و معناداری بین متغیرهای کالبدی با حس تعلق و رابطه معکوس و معناداری بین متغیرهای محیطی و حس تعلق وجود دارد. در رابطه بین مؤلفه‌های متغیرهای کالبدی و حس تعلق در پهنه ارگ-گنجعلیخان و مظفری بیشترین تأثیر را بر حس تعلق مؤلفه بناها و فضاها و در پهنه قلعه محمود بیشترین تأثیر را مؤلفه دسترسی، داشته‌است. در رابطه بین مؤلفه‌های متغیرهای محیطی و حس تعلق در تمام پهنه‌ها آلودگی‌های صوتی بیشترین تأثیر را بر حس تعلق داشته است. نتایج مدل‌سازی معادلات ساختاری نیز نشان می‌دهد که با بهبود وضعیت متغیرهای محیطی و متغیرهای کالبدی، وضعیت حس تعلق در پهنه‌های موردبررسی نیز بهبود می‌یابد. بااین‌حال تأثیر متغیرهای محیطی بر حس تعلق بیشتر از متغیرهای کالبدی است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

حس تعلق؛ متغیرهای کالبدی و محیطی؛ رضایتمندی؛ معادلات ساختاری؛ پهنه‌های تاریخی کرمان

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