Optimization of BioPot compositions made from water hyacinth and coconut coir for improving the growth and yield of chili (Capsicum annum L.)

International Journal of Recycling Organic Waste in Agriculture

مقاله 6، دوره 9، شماره 3، آذر 2020، صفحه 287-296   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30486/ijrowa.2020.1894411.1048

نویسندگان

Aniek Iriany^{* 1}؛ Oktabriyanti Ayu Wulan Sari²؛ Faridlotul Hasanah³

¹Department of Agrotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science,University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia

²Undergraduate student of Agrotechnology Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Science,University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Indonesia

³Kediri, East Java, Indonesia

چکیده

Purpose An attempt to improve the quality and quantity of chili production through good and effective nursery still needs some development and advancement. Polybag as seedling pot made from polyethylene has non-biodegradable properties that causes environmental impacts, so alternative biodegradable pot which is derived from renewable organic material, namely BioPot, is urgent. The suitable BioPot compositions to complete the nursery stage successfully still need further research and improvement. This research aimed at optimizing BioPot compositions made from water hyacinth and coconut coir for improving the growth and yield of chili.
Methods The experiment was carried out using simple RCBD, three replication, one control (polybag) and 5 BioPot compositions (percentage of water hyacinth and coconut coir) as treatments labelled as PO1 (40:60), PO2 (50:50), PO3 (60:40), PO4 (70:30) and PO5 (80:20). The data were analyzed by ANOVA (F-test), then by means of HSD (Tukey test) α 5% as well as response surface analysis.
Results The results showed that PO3 and PO4 showed no difference in all observations of the growth of chilli. The highest yield of chili was obtained using PO4 (70% water hyacinth and 30% coconut coir) although the number was not significantly different from PO3 and PO5 (60-80% water hyacinth and 20-40% coconut coir), except in fruit length variable.
Conclusion BioPot made from 70% water hyacinth and 30% coconut coir (PO4) was the optimum composition based on scatter plot, contour plot, and surface plot.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Agricultural waste؛ BioPot؛ Nursery؛ Seedling container

مراجع

Akinro AO, Ikumawoyi OB, Yahaya O, Ologunagba MM (2012) Environmental impacts of polyethylene generation and disposal in Akure City, Nigeria. Glob J Sci Front Res Agric Biol 12(3)

Aldrete A, Mexal JG, Phillips R, Vallotton AD (2002) Copper coated polybags improve seedling morphology for two nursery-grown Mexican pine species. For Ecol Manage 163(1–3):197–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0378-1127(01)00579-5

Antony J (2014) A systematic methodology for design of experiments. Design of Experiments for Engineers and Scientists (2nd ed.). Elsevier Ltd. https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-08-099417-8.00004-3

Araújo CS, Rodrigues AMC, Joele MRSP, Araújo EAF, Lourenço LFH (2018) Optimizing process parameters to obtain a bioplastic using proteins from fish byproducts through the response surface methodology. Food Packag Shelf Life 16:23–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fpsl.2018.01.009

Bali RS, Chauhan DS, Todaria NP (2013) Effect of growing media, nursery beds and containers on seed germination and seedling establishment of Terminalia bellirica (Gaertn.) Roxb., a multipurpose tree. Trop Ecol 54(1):59–66

Bezerra MA, Santelli RE, Olivera EP, Villar LS, Escaleira LA (2008) Response surface methodology (RSM) as a tool for optimization in analytical chemistry. Talanta 76:965–977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.talanta.2008.05.019

Castronuovo D, Picuno P, Manera C, Scopa A, Sofo A, Candido V (2015) Biodegradable pots for poinsettia cultivation: Agronomic and technical traits. Sci Hortic 197:150–156. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2015.09.025

Codling EE, Schmidt ME, Schmidt WF, Huda MS (2019) Keratin nursery pots as potential medium for controlled release of copper ions in root growth control in Theobroma cacao L. J Hortic 6:256. https://doi.org/10.4172/2376-0354.1000256

Dominguez-Lerena S, Herrero Sierra N, Carrasco Manzano I, Ocaña Bueno L, Peñuelas Rubira JL, Mexal JG (2006) Container characteristics influence Pinus pinea seedling development in the nursery and field. For Ecol Manage 221(1–3):63–71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2005.08.031

Hill WJ, Hunter WG (1966) Ductility and toughness of stainless steel welds. Technometrics 8(4):571–590. https://doi.org/10.1080/00401706.1966.10490404

Ibrahim HM, Olasantan FO, Oyewale RO (2013) Age of seedling at transplanting influenced growth and fruit yield of sweet pepper (Capsicum annum L. cv. Rodo). Net J Agric Sci 1(4):107–110

Jafari N (2010) Ecological and socio-economic utilization of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes Mart Solms). J Appl Sci Enviromental Manag 90(June):43–49. https://doi.org/10.4314/jasem.v14i2.57834

Jirapornvaree I, Suppadit T, Popan A (2017) Use of pineapple waste for production of decomposable pots. Int J Recycl Org Waste Agric 6(4):345–350. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40093-017-0183-5

Kasirajan S, Ngouajio M (2012) Polyethylene and biodegradable mulches for agricultural applications: A review. Agro Sustain Dev 32(2):501–529. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13593-011-0068-3

Kijchavengkul T (2010) Design of biodegradable aliphatic aromatic polyester films for agricultural application using response surface methodology. Dissertation, Michigan State University

Kratsch HA, Schrader JA, McCabe KG, Srinivasan G, Grewell D, Graves WR (2015) Performance and biodegradation in soil of novel horticulture containers made from bioplastics and biocomposites. Hort Technology 25(1):119–131. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH.25.1.119

Kuehny JS, Taylor M, Evans MR (2011) Greenhouse and landscape performance of bedding plants in biocontainers. Hort Technology 21(2):155–161. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH.21.2.155

Main NM, Talib RA, Ibrahim R, Rahman RA, Mohamed AZ (2014) Suitability of coir fibers as pulp and paper. In Agriculture and Agricultural Science Procedia 2. Vol. 2. pp 304–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aaspro.2014.11.043

McCabe KG, Schrader JA, Madbouly S, Grewell D, Graves WR (2014) Evaluation of biopolymer-coated fiber containers for container-grown Plants. Hort Technology 24(4):439–448. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH.24.4.439

Ministry of Agriculture Republic of Indonesia (2017) Agricultural statistics 2017 (AA Susanti, B Waryanto, PHa Muliany, SN Sholikhah, R Widaningsih, T Heni, R Suryani, Eds.). Jakarta: Centre for Agricultural Data and Information System, Ministry of Agriculture Republic of Indonesia. http://epublikasi.setjen.pertanian.go.id/download/file/390-statistik-pertanian-2017

Minitab Inc (2007) Minitab. Minitab Inc

Mohd Rafee SNA, Lee YL, Jamaluddin MR, Abdul Razak N, Makhtar NL, Ismail RI (2019) Effect of different ratios of biomaterials to banana peels on the weight loss of biodegradable pots. Acta Technol Agric 1:1–4. https://doi.org/10.2478/ata-2019-0001

Muriuki JK, Kuria AW, Muthuri CW, Mukuralinda A, Simons AJ, Jamnadass RH (2014) Testing biodegradable seedling containers as an alternative for polythene tubes in tropical small-scale tree nurseries. Small-scale For 13(2):127–142. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11842-013-9245-3

Nambuthiri S, Fulcher A, Koeser AK, Geneve R, Niu G (2015) Moving toward sustainability with alternative containers for greenhouse and nursery crop production: A review and research update. HortTechnology 25(1):8–16. https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTTECH.25.1.8

Nugroho WA, Rahayu FD, Lutfi M (2013) Effect of ingredients formulation of mechanics traits on organic planting bag. J Teknol Pertan 14(2):115–122

Penjumras P, Rahman RA, Talib RA, Abdan K (2015) Response surface methodology for the optimization of preparation of biocomposites based on poly(lactic acid) and durian peel cellulose. Sci World J 2015. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/293609

Postemsky PD, Marinangeli PA, Curvetto NR (2016) Recycling of residual substrate from Ganoderma lucidum mushroom cultivation as biodegradable containers for horticultural seedlings. Sci Hortic (Amsterdam) 201:329–337. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scienta.2016.02.021

Santagata G, Schettini E, Vox G, Immirzi B, Mugnozza GS, Malinconico M (2017) Biodegradable spray mulching and nursery pots: New frontiers for research. In M. Malinconico (Ed.), Soil Degradable Bioplastics for a Sustainable Modern Agriculture, Green Chemistry and Sustainable Technology (pp. 105–137). Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-54130-2_5

Schrader JA, McCabe KG, Srinivasan G, Haubrich K, Grewell D, Madbouly S, Graves W (2015) Development and evaluation of bioplastic containers for sustainable greenhouse and nursery production. Acta Hortic 1140(XXIX IHC – Proc. Int. Symp. on Ornamental Horticulture in the Global Greenhouse). https://doi.org/10.17660/ActaHortic.2015.1104.13

Sun E, Huang H, Sun F, Wu G, Chang Z (2017) Degradable nursery containers made of rice husk and cornstarch composites. BioResources 12(1):785–798

Thakur R, Saberi B, Pristijono P, Stathopoulos CE, Golding JB, Scarlett CJ, Bowyer M, Vuong Q V (2017) Use of response surface methodology (RSM) to optimize pea starch-chitosan novel edible film formulation. J Food Sci Technol. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13197-017-2664-y

 Tian M, Gao J, Liang H (2019) Preparation and performance of biomass seedling containers made with straw and cow manure. BioResources 14(4):9968–9980

Tsakaldimi M, Zagas T, Tsitsoni T, Ganatsas P (2005) Root morphology, stem growth and field performance of seedlings of two Mediterranean evergreen oak species raised in different container types. Plant Soil 278(1–2):85–93. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11104-005-2580-1

Tumolva T, Ortenero J, Kubouchi M, City Q (2013) Characterization and treatment of water hyacinth fibers for NFRP composites. In 19th International Conference on Composite Materials (pp. 1–11). Montreal

Ullah MZ, Hasan MJ, Saki AI, Rahman AHMA, Biswas PL (2011) Association of correlation and cause-effect analysis among morphological traits in chilli (Capcisum frutescens L.). Intl J BioRes 10(6):19–24

Usman MG, Rafii MY, Ismail MR, Malek MA, Latif MA (2014) Heritability and genetic advance among chili pepper genotypes for heat tolerance and morphophysiological characteristics. Sci World J 2014(308042). https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/308042