پاسخ فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی جعفری مکزیکی (Tagetes minuta L.) به کاربرد قارچ‌های مایکوریزا در شرایط تنش شوری

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

مقاله 6، دوره 15، شماره 60، دی 1399، صفحه 79-94   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

نویسندگان

مرتضی ایرجی مارشک؛ محمد مقدم^*

گروه علوم باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

به منظور بررسی تاثیر قارچ­های مایکوریزا در شرایط تنش شوری بر خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی گیاه جعفری مکزیکی (Tagetes minuta L.) آزمایشی گلدانی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با 2 عامل و در 3 تکرار انجام شد. فاکتور اول کاربرد دو نوع قارچ میکوریزا در سه سطح (عدم تلقیح، Rhizophagus intradices وFunnetiformis mosseae) و فاکتور دوم شوری آب آبیاری در 4 سطح (0، 40، 80 و 120 میلی‌مولار به‌ترتیب معادل 0، 5/3، 7 و 5/10 دسی زیمنس بر متر کلرید سدیم) ­بود. تیمار شوری در گیاهان در مرحله هشت برگی و سه روز در هفته اعمال شد. نتایج نشان داد اعمال تنش شوری منجر به کاهش محتوای نسبی آب و کلروفیل برگ شد. با افزایش سظح تنش میزان نشت الکترولیت، کربوهیدرات کل و پرولین برگ افزایش یافت. در مقابل استفاده از قارچ‌های مایکوریزا منجر به بهبود صفات اندازه­گیری شده تحت شرایط تنش شوری گشت. طبق نتایج بدست آمده  مقدار پرولین، کربوهیدرات کل و نشت الکترولیت با کاربرد قارچ مایکوریزا در شرایط تنش کاهش یافت که ناشی از تاثیر مثبت کاربرد این قارچ­ها در متعادل کردن شرایط رشدی برای گیاه تحت تنش شوری بود. همچنین بیشترین مقدار محتوای نسبی آب برگ و کلروفیل a، b و کلروفیل کل در تیمار عدم اعمال تنش شوری و کاربرد قارچ مایکوریزا گونه اینترارادیکس مشاهده شد. با توجه به نتایج این تحقیق می­توان بیان کرد که اعمال تنش شوری در غلظت 120 میلی­مولار منجر به کاهش شدید صفات مورد بررسی شد. این در حالی است که کاربرد قارچ‌های مایکوریزا در این سطح نتوانست اثرات منفی تنش شوری را بهبود بخشد. استفاده از قارچ مایکوریزا گونه اینترارادیکس نسبت به موسه­آ تاثیر بیشتری در بهبود خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی و بیوشیمیایی جعفری مکزیکی در شرایط تنش شوری در غلظت­ پایین داشت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

نشت الکترولیت؛ محتوای کلروفیل برگ؛ پرولین؛ کلونیزاسیون

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