بررسی ویژگی‌های مورفوفیزیولوژیکی و عملکرد گیاه گندم (Triticm aestivum L.) با استفاده از منابع تامین نیتروژن و روی و برهمکنش این عناصر

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 16، شماره 61، فروردین 1400، صفحه 27-44   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2021.679522

نویسندگان

محمدعلی رضایی¹؛ حسین عجم نوروزی²؛ مهرعلی محمود جانلو¹؛ حسن مدرس زاده^{* 1}

¹گروه زیست شناسی، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران

²گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، واحد گرگان، دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی، گرگان، ایران

چکیده

بررسی کاربرد مغذی‌ها و توازن مطلوب میان عناصر و غلظت ترکیبات قابل جذب مورد توجه پژوهشگران علوم زیستی و کشاورزی قرار دارد. در این پژوهش اثر منابع تامین نیتروژن در چهار سطح شامل: 100 درصد اوره، نانوکود کلات ازت، کود بیولوژیک پانارومیکس و 50 درصد اوره + 50 درصد کود بیولوژیک پانارومیکس و منابع تامین روی در 3 سطح: عدم مصرف روی، سولفات روی و نانوکود کلات روی و اثرات متقابل منابع تامین این دو عنصر بر فیزیولوژی و عملکرد گیاه گندم (Triticum aestivum L.) بررسی شد. این تحقیق با روش اسپلیت پلات در قالب طرح پایه بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار و 12 تیمار در مزرعه شخصی واقع در شمال شهر جلین واقع در 3 کیلومتری شرق گرگان، در سال زراعی 97-96 انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد صفات مورد بررسی تحت تاثیر منابع تامین نیتروژن و اثر متقابل منابع تامین این دو عنصر قرار گرفت، اما از نظر منابع تامین روی اختلاف معنی‌داری نداشتند. در تیمارهای منابع تامین نیتروژن، بیشترین میزان سطح و تعداد برگ، ارتفاع گیاه، کلروفیل b و مجموع کلروفیل (a+b)، نیترات ردوکتاز و عملکرد بیولوژیک و عملکرد دانه مربوط به تیمارهای 100 درصد اوره و 50 درصد اوره +50 درصد کود بیولوژیک بود. در تیمارهای اثر متقابل، بیشترین میزان پرولین در تیمار 100 درصد کود بیولوژیک + نانوکلات روی مشاهده شد و در تیمارهایی که با افزایش میزان پرولین همراه بود، افزایشی در میزان قندهای محلول و گلایسین بتائین صورت نگرفت. بالاترین میزان فعالیت نیترات ردوکتاز و مقدار کلروفیل a و کلروفیل (a+b) و نیز بالاترین میزان عملکرد دانه و عملکرد بیولوژیک در تیمار 100 درصد اوره + سولفات روی مشاهده گردید. نتایج نشان داد عملکرد بالای گندم در این تیمار تابعی از رفتار فیزیولوژیکی گیاه بوده و نشان دهنده برهم‌کنش مثبت بین عنصر نیتروژن و روی می‌باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

منابع نیتروژن؛ منابع روی؛ شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیکی؛ صفات مورفولوژیکی؛ عملکرد؛ گندم

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