تاثیر آبیاری تکمیلی و کاربرد میکوریزا و ازتوباکتر بر اجزای پر شدن دانه‌ی جو دیم(Hordeum vulgare L.)

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 16، شماره 61، فروردین 1400، صفحه 64-79   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2021.679523

نویسندگان

ندا عبادی¹؛ رئوف سید شریفی^{* 1}؛ حامد نریمانی¹؛ راضیه خلیل زاده²

¹گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

²گروه تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه ارومیه، ارومیه، ایران

چکیده

به­منظور بررسی تاثیر آبیاری تکمیلی و کاربرد میکوریزا و ازتوباکتر بر مولفه­های پرشدن دانه، محتوای کلروفیل و عملکرد دانه جو دیم رقم سهند، آزمایش فاکتوریلی در قالب طرح پایه بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار در سال 1395 در روستای ویند کلخوران اردبیل انجام شد. فاکتورهای آزمایش شامل سطوح آبیاری (عدم آبیاری یا زراعت دیم، آبیاری تکمیلی در 50 درصد مراحل آبستنی و سنبله­دهی) و کاربرد کودهای زیستی در چهار سطح (عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی به عنوان شاهد، کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا، ازتوباکتر، کاربرد توام ازتوباکتر و قارچ میکوریزا) بودند. نتایج نشان داد که بیش­ترین محتوای کلروفیلa ،b ، کارتنوئید، کلروفیل کل، فلورسانس حداکثر، فلورسانس متغیر و عملکرد کوانتومی، طول دوره پر شدن دانه و حداکثر وزن دانه در آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله آبستنی با کاربرد توام قارچ میکوریزا و ازتوباکتر، و کم­ترین مقادیر این صفات در شرایط دیم و بدون کاربرد کودهای زیستی به‏دست آمد. بیش­ترین سرعت پر شدن دانه در شرایط دیم بدون کاربرد کودهای زیستی و کم­ترین آن در شرایط آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله آبستنی با کاربرد قارچ میکوریزا به‌دست آمد. آبیاری تکمیلی در مرحله آبستنی با کاربرد توام میکوریزا و ازتوباکتر عملکرد دانه را 87/29 درصد در مقایسه با عدم کاربرد کودهای زیستی تحت شرایط دیم افزایش داد. بر اساس نتایج، به­نظر می­رسد کاربرد کودهای زیستی و آبیاری تکمیلی می­تواند به واسطه بهبود کلروفیل و مولفه­های پر شدن دانه، عملکرد جو دیم را افزایش دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

فلورسانس کلروفیل؛ رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی؛ سرعت پر شدن دانه؛ کود‌های زیستی

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