مدیریت تنش خشکی با استفاده از تنظیم کننده‌های رشد و عنصر روی بر عملکرد ذرت (Zea Mays L.) 704 در استان اصفهان

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 16، شماره 61، فروردین 1400، صفحه 106-118   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2021.679534

نویسندگان

مرتضی سام دلیری؛ مرتضی مبلغی؛ ساناز سلیمان پور^* ؛ امیر عباس موسوی میرکلائی

گروه زراعت، واحد چالوس، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، چالوس، ایران

چکیده

به‌منظور بررسی صفات مورفولوژیک و عملکرد ذرت رقم 704 سینگل‌کراس تحت تاثیر محلول‌پاشی مواد تنظیم کننده‌های رشد و تنش خشکی در استان اصفهان آزمایشی در دو سال زراعی به صورت مجزا در قالب اسپلیت پلات با 3 تکرار به اجرا درآمد. تیمار اصلی شامل تنش خشکی در 3 سطح شاهد، تنش ملایم و تنش شدید (به‌ترتیب آبیاری بر اساس 100، 85 و 70 درصد نیاز آبی ذرت)، و تیمار فرعی محلول‌پاشی شامل تیمار محلول‌پاشی آب مقطر به عنوان شاهد، کود نانو روی (دو گرم در یک لیتر آب)، سالیسیلیک‌اسید (5 میلی‌مولار)، آبسزیک‌اسید (100 میکرومولار)، جیبرلین (100 پی‌پی‌ام) بود. نتایج حاصل از این آزمایش نشان داد اثر سال بر عملکرد بیولوژیک، پروتئین‌خام و عملکردعلوفه‌تر معنی‌دار شد. تیمارهای تنش‌های خشکی و تیمارهای محلول‌پاشی بر صفات شاخص سطح برگ، شاخص کلروفیل، عملکرد بیولوژیک، پروتئین‌خام و عملکرد علوفه‌تر معنی‌دار گردید. بیشترین عملکرد علوفه‌تر با 44/90 تن در هکتار در تیمار آبیاری کامل با سالیسیلیک‌ اسید حاصل شد. تیمار سالیسیلیک ‌اسید منجر به افزایش عملکرد علوفه‌تر تحت شرایط آبیاری کامل گردید، همچنین تیمار سالیسیلیک‌اسید به‌ترتیب باعث کاهش خسارت 27 و 9 درصدی در تیمارهای تنش ملایم و تنش شدید گشت. با توجه به نتایج آزمایش و بررسی روند رشد محصول استفاده از تیمار سالیسیلیک ‌اسید طی سه دوره محلول‌پاشی در سه مرحله هشت برگی، غلاف دوگانه و در قبل از ظهور تاسل، توانست میزان خسارت تنش خشکی به عملکرد علوفه‌تر را کاهش داده و برای شرایط مشابه با آزمایش حاضر قابل توصیه می‌باشد.
 

کلیدواژه‌ها

سالیسیلیک‌اسید؛ آبسیزیک‌اسید؛ شاخص کلروفیل؛ پروتئین‌خام؛ جیبرلین

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