مروری بر کنترل پدیده سرج و مدل‌سازی در کمپرسورهای گریز از مرکز

روش‌های هوشمند در صنعت برق

مقاله 1، دوره 13، شماره 50، شهریور 1401، صفحه 1-30   

نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری

نویسندگان

عادل خسروی¹؛ عباس چترایی^{* 1}؛ غضنفر شاهقلیان²؛ سید محمد کارگر¹

¹دانشکده مهندسی برق- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران

²مرکز تحقیقات ریز شبکه های هوشمند- واحد نجف آباد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، نجف آباد، ایران

چکیده

کمپرسورها به دلیل کاربرد گسترده‌ای که در صنایع مختلف برای فشرده‌سازی و انتقال گازها دارند از اهمیت ویژه‌ای برخوردار هستند. با توجه به افزایش روزافزون کاربرد کمپرسورها در صنعت، تعیین یک مدل ریاضی­ برای کمپرسور جهت طراحی سیستم کنترلی، تجزیه ‌و تحلیل و شبیه­سازی کامپیوتری آن بسیار مهم است. همچنین در سال‌های اخیر مدل­سازی­های هوشمند نظیر شبکه عصبی و فازی به­علت عملکرد واقع‌بینانه‌تر این مدل­ها مورد توجه محققین قرارگرفته است و از انواع آن برای مدل­سازی استفاده ‌شده ­است. روش­های هوشمند دارای قابلیت بالایی برای برقراری ارتباط بین داده­های ورودی و خروجی است. پدیده سرج در کمپرسورها یک مورد چالش برانگیز بوده چرا که خیلی سریع اتفاق افتاده و باعث آسیب به کمپرسور و مراحل تولید خواهد شد. این پدیده به­صورت یک ناپایداری در جریان کاری کمپرسور تعریف می­شود. کنترل پدیده سرج باعث گسترش محدوده عملیاتی کارکرد کمپرسور می­گردد و از رخداد این پدیده جلوگیری می کند. در این مقاله مروری بر مدل­سازی، پدیده سرج و انواع کنترل فعال و غیرفعال سرج بررسی می­گردد. برای مدل­سازی مدل مورگریتز و مدل­های هوشمند مورد بررسی قرار گرفته­اند که با توجه به نتایج به­دست آمده می­توان بیان کرد که مدل مورگریتز با گذشت زمان خطای بیشتری نسبت به مدل­های هوشمند دارد و مدل مناسبی برای کمپرسور نیست. در ادامه کنترل پدیده سرج در کمپرسور به روش­های فعال و غیرفعال بررسی می­شود که کنترل کمپرسور در روش فعال نیازی به منحنی عملکرد کمپرسور نیست ولی در روش غیرفعال با استفاده از منحنی عملکرد و ایجاد حاشیه امنیت از خط سرج کمپرسور را کنترل نموده تا وارد پدیده سرج نشود. همین امر باعث می­شود که عملکرد کنترل فعال نسبت به کنترل غیرفعال بهینه­تر و مناسب­تر باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

پدیده سرج؛ کمپرسور؛ کنترل سرج؛ فازی؛ فیدبک؛ مدل‌سازی

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