رابطۀ تنهایی با رضایت از زندگی در دانش‌آموزان دختر متوسطۀ اول: نقش میانجی عزت نفس و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده

دانش و پژوهش در روان شناسی کاربردی

مقاله 11، دوره 22، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 84، تیر 1400، صفحه 125-135   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30486/jsrp.2020.1864168.1741

نویسندگان

محمدباقر کجباف¹؛ فائزه ادیب نیا²؛ مینا وصال^{* 2}

¹استاد روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران.

²دانشجوی دکتری روان‌شناسی، دانشکده علوم تربیتی و روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه اصفهان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف بررسی رابطۀ تنهایی با رضایت از زندگی با میانجی­گری عزت نفس و حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده صورت گرفت. طرح پژوهش رابطه‌ای از نوع مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری بود. این پژوهش با حضور 153 دانش‌­آموز به روش نمونه­گیری در دسترس از بین دانش­آموزان دختر کلاس­های هفتم تا نهم (متوسطۀ اول) شهر اراک انجام شد. برای اندازه­گیری متغیرهای پژوهش از پرسشنامۀ احساس تنهایی (LQ)، مقیاس چند بعدی ادراک حمایت اجتماعی (MSPSS)، پرسش­نامۀ رضایت از زندگی (SWLS)، پرسش­نامۀ اعتماد به نفس روزنبرگ و برای بررسی فرضیه­های پژوهش از مدلسازی معادلات ساختاری استفاده شد. برای بررسی برازش مدل، مقادیر پایایی ترکیبی (CR)، آلفای کرونباخ و میانگین واریانس­های خروجی (AVE) گزارش شدند که حکایت از پایایی مناسب مدل داشتند. در مدل معادلات ساختاری، رابطۀ مستقیم تنهایی با رضایت از زندگی تأیید نشد؛ بنابراین عزت نفس و حمایت اجتماعی، نقش میانجی چندگانۀ کاملی را در رابطۀ تنهایی با رضایت از زندگی در مدل معادلات ساختاری ایفا می­کنند (01/0p<).

کلیدواژه‌ها

تنهایی؛ رضایت از زندگی؛ عزت نفس؛ حمایت اجتماعی ادراک شده؛ دانش‌آموزان دختر

مراجع

Asher, S. R., & Paquette, J. A. (2003). Loneliness and peer relations in childhood. Current Directions in Psychological Science. 12(3), 75-78.

Anari, A., Mazaheri, M., & Tahmasian, K. (2015). Family Factors Related to Life Satisfaction among Adolescent Girls. Journal of Management System. 8(30), 7-33. [Persian]

Azad Farsani, Y., Parsay, S., Darabi, E., Alvandi, Z. (2017). The Psychometrics Properties of the Children, s Loneliness Scale in Guidance School Students. Journal of Knowledge & Research in Applied Psychology. 14(51), 34-42. [Persian]

Baran, M., Baran, M., & Maskan, A. (2015). A study on adolescent students’ levels of hopelessness, loneliness and self-esteem: A sample from Turkey. Mediterranean Journal of Social Sciences. 6(2S1), 341-353.

Baytemir, K., Demirtaş, A., & Yildiz, M.A. (2018).The mediation role of perceived social support in the relationship between interpersonal competence and self-esteem in married individuals. Journal of Personality psychology. 6(3), 200-211.

Berns, R. (2013). Child, family, school, community: Socialization and support. Wadsworth: Cengage Learning.

Cakar, F.S., & Tagay, O. (2017). The mediating role of self-esteem. Journal of Educational of Sciences. 17(3), 859-876.

Carpenter, B. N., & Scott, S. M. (1992). Interpersonal aspects of coping. In B. N. Carpenter (Eds). Personal coping: Theory, research, and application (pp. 93-109). Westport, CT: Greenwood Publishing Group, Inc.

Civitci, N., Civitci, A., & Fiyakalı, N. C. (2009). Loneliness and life satisfaction in adolescents with divorced and non-divorced parents. Educational Sciences: Theory & Practice. 9(2), 513-525. 

Cohen, S., Gottlieb, B. H., & Underwood, L. G. (2000). Social relationships and health. In S. Cohen, B. H. Gottlieb, & L. G. Underwood (Eds). Social support measurement and intervention: A

 

guide for health and social scientists (pp. 1-25). New York: Oxford University Press.

Cloutier, P., Martin, J., Kennedy, A., Nixon, M. K., & Muehlenkamp, J. J. (2010). Characteristics and co-occurrence of adolescent non-suicidal self-injury and suicidal behaviours in pediatric emergency crisis services. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 39(3), 259-269.

Diener, E. (1984). Subjective well-being. Psychological Bulletin. 95(3), 542-575.

Diener, E., & Diener, M. (2009). Cross-cultural correlates of life satisfaction and self-esteem. In culture and well-being (pp. 71-91). Springer Netherlands.

Diener, E., Lucas, R. E., & Oishi, S. (2002). Subjective well-being: The science of happiness and life satisfaction. In C. R. Snyder & S. J. Lopez (Eds). The handbook of positive psychology (pp. 63-73). New York: Oxford University Press.

Diener, E., Suh, E. M., Lucas, R. E., & Smith, H. L. (1999). Subjective well-being: Three decades of progress. Psychological Bulletin. 125(2), 276–302.

Froh, J. J., Yurkewicz, C., & Kashdan, T. B. (2009). Gratitude and subjective well-being in early adolescence: Examining gender differences. Journal of Adolescence. 32, 633-650.

Hanafi zade, P & Zare, A. (2011). Multi-level structure analysis using PLS software. Tehran: Termah. [Persian]

Jose, P., Lim, B. (2014). Social Connectedness Predicts Lower Loneliness and Depressive Symptoms over Time in Adolescents. Journal of Depression. 3, 154-163.

Hoseinchary, M. & Khayyer, M. (2000).  Evaluation of the effectiveness scale to measure loneliness in secondary school students. Journal of Social sciences and human sciences university of Shiraz. 19(1), 46-59. [Persian]

Hoseinzadeh, A., Azizi, M. & Tavakoli, H. (2013). Social support and life satisfaction in adolescents: the mediating role of self-esteem. Journal of Developmental Psychology. 11(41), 103-114. [Persian]

Kapıkıran, Ş. (2013). Loneliness and life satisfaction in Turkish early adolescents: The mediating role of selfesteem and social support. Social Indicators Research. 111(2), 617-632.

Karimi Rabani, M., & Momeni, F. (2016). The relationship between social supports with the use of social networks among university students. Journal of Applied Psychological Research. 6(4), 175-188. [Persian]

Kasapoglu, F., & Yabanigul, A. (2018).Marital Satisfaction and Life Satisfaction: The Mediating Effect of Spirituality. Journal of Spiritual psychology and counseling. 3, 77-95.

Kong, F., & You, X. (2013). Loneliness and self-esteem as mediators between social support and life satisfaction in late adolescence. Social Indicators Research. 110(1), 271-279.

Kong, F., Ding, K., & Zhao, J. (2015). The relationships among gratitude, self-esteem, social support and life satisfaction among undergraduate students. Journal of Happiness Studies. 16(2), 477-489.

Kong, F., Zhao, J., & You, X. (2012). Emotional intelligence and life satisfaction in Chinese university students: The mediating role of self-esteem and social support. Personality and Individual Differences. 53(8), 1039-1043

Lakey, B., & Cohen, S. (2000). Social support theory and measurement. S. Cohen, B. H. Gottlieb, & L. G. Underwood (Eds). Social support measurement and intervention: A guide for health and social scientists. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Lin, N. (1986). Conceptualizing social support. Orlando, Florida: Academic Press.

Lucas, R. E., & Diener, E. (2009). Personality and subjective well-being. In. E. Diener (Eds). The science of well-being: The collected works of Ed Diener, social indicators research series. Volume: 37, (pp. 75102). New York: Springer Publishing Company.

Ma, C., & Lai, C. (2016). The mediating role of social support in the relationship between psychological well-being and health-risk behaviors among Chinese university students. Journal of health psychology. 3(2), 1-11.

Mohammadi, N. (2006). The preliminary study of validity and reliability of Rosenberg self-esteem scale. Journal of Iranian Psychologists. 1(4), 55-62. [Persian]

Mohammadjani, S., Yarmohammadian, M., Kajbaf, M., & abbas Gholtash, A. (2016). Developing Sexual Education Curriculum Model Based on the Quran and the Hadiths (Imams' Sayings), Journal Management System. 7 (27), 19- 44. [Persian]

Moksnes, U. K., & Espnes, G. A. (2013). Self-esteem and life satisfaction in adolescents—gender and age as potential moderators. Quality of Life Research. 22(10), 2921-2928.

Mruk, C. J. (2006). Self-esteem research, theory, and practice: Toward a positive psychology of self-esteem. New York: Springer Publishing Company.

Nasiri, H & Jowkar, B. (2008). The Relationship between Life's Meaningfulness, Hope, Happiness, Life Satisfaction and Depression. Journal of Women in Development & Politics. 6(2), 157- 176. [Persian]

Pavot, W. (2008). The assessment of subjective well-being: Successes and shortfalls. In M. Eid & R. J. Larsen (Eds). The science of subjective well-being (pp. 124-140). New York: The Guilford Press.

Perlman, D., & Peplau, L. A. (1998). Loneliness. In H. Friedman (Eds). Encyclopedia of mental health (pp. 571581). San Diego, CA: Academic Press.

Piko, B. F., & Hamvai, C. (2010). Parent, school and peer-related correlates of adolescents' life satisfaction. Children and Youth Services Review. 32(10), 1479-1482.

 Rahimzadeh, S., Bayat, M., & Anari, A. (2009). Loneliness and social self-efficacy in adolescence. Journal of Developmental Psychology. 6(22), 87-96. [Persian].

Rajabi, S., Abolghasemi, A., & Abbasi, M. (2012). The role of self-esteem and test anxiety in predicting life satisfaction in students with dyscalculia. Journal of Learning Disabilities. 1(3), 46-62. [Persian]

Rosenberg, M. (1963). Parental interest and children's self-conceptions. Sociometry, 26(1), 35-49.

Rosenberg, M. (1965). Society and the adolescent self-image (p. 326). Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press.

Rosenberg, M. (1979). Conceiving the self. New York: Basic Books. 

Salimi, A. (2011). Social-emotional loneliness and life satisfaction. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 29, 292-295.

Salimi, A., Jokar, B., & Nilpour, R. (2009). Evaluation of internet communication in life: The role of perceived social support and loneliness in the use of the Internet. Quarterly Journal of psychological of psychological studies. 5(3), 81-102. [Persian]

Sarason, I. G., Levine, H. M., Basham, R. B., & Sarason, B. R. (1983). Assessing social support: The Social Support Questionnaire. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 44, 127-139.

Sepasi, S., Rajabi, A. & Rezayat, M. (2017). Designing a Social Auditing Model Using the structural equation model, Journal of Audit science. 16(65), 97- 120. [Persian]

Schimmack, U. (2008). The structure of subjective well-being. In M. Eid & R. J. Larsen (Eds). The science of subjective well-being (pp. 97-123). New York: The Guilford Press.

Shokri, O., Farahani, M.N., Kormi nori, R., & Moradi, A.R. (2013). Perceived social support and academic stress. Journal of Iranian Psychologist. 9(34), 143-156. [Persian]

Shorey, H. S. (2009). Attachment theory. In S. J. Lopez (Eds.). The encyclopedia of positive psychology (pp. 6467). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing.

Seginer, R., & Mahajna, S. (2004). How the future orientation of traditional Israeli Palestinian girls links beliefs about women's roles and academic achievement. Psychology of Women Quarterly. 28(2), 122-135.

Siyana1, S., Zinna, A.A. (2018). Loneliness, Social Support, Life Satisfaction, and Internet Addiction among Day Scholars and Hostel Students. Journal of Indian psychology. 6(3), 128-139.

Tomyn, A.J., Norrish, J.M., Cummins. R.A. (2011). The subjective wellbeing of indigenous AustralianAdolescents. Journal of Social Indicators Research. 101(3), 1013-1021.

Twomey, H. B., Kaslow, N. J., & Croft, S. (2000). Childhood maltreatment, object relations, and suicidal behavior in women. Psychoanalytic Psychology. 17(2), 313.

Yan, X., Su, J., Zhu, X., & He, D. (2013). Loneliness and subjective happiness as mediators of the effects of core self-evaluations on life satisfaction among Chinese college students. Social Indicators Research. 114(2), 757-766.

Zhang, S., Tian, Y., Sui, Y., Zhang, D., Shi, J., Wang, P., Meng, P., Si, Y. (2018). Relationships between Social Support, Loneliness, and Internet Addiction in Chinese Postsecondary Students: A Longitudinal Cross-Lagged Analysis. Journal of Front Psychology. 9, 1-13.

Zhao, J., Wang, Y., & Kong, F. (2014). Exploring the mediation effect of social support and self-esteem on the relationship between humor style and life satisfaction in Chinese college students. Personality and Individual Differences. 64, 126-130.