پیش‌بینی رفتارهای سازمانی مثبت کارشناسان ترویج کشاورزی بر پایۀ توانمندسازی روانشناختی: کاربرد روش تحقیق آمیخته

دانش و پژوهش در روان شناسی کاربردی

مقاله 15، دوره 22، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 84، تیر 1400، صفحه 169-181   

نوع مقاله: مقاله پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30486/jsrp.2020.1876414.1999

نویسندگان

احمد باسامی^{* 1}؛ فاطمه ارتیاعی²؛ سید احمدرضا پیش بین³؛ امیر علم بیگی³؛ سید محمود حسینی⁴

¹دانش‌آموخته دکتری ترویج کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران.

²عضو هیأت علمی گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی مجتمع آموزش عالی سراوان.

³استادیار گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران.

⁴استاد گروه ترویج و آموزش کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران.

چکیده

این پژوهش به صورت آمیختۀ اکتشافی با هدف ارتقاء رفتارهای سازمانی مثبت کارشناسان ترویج کشاورزی از راه توانمندسازی روانشناختی آنها انجام شده است. مشارکت­کنندگان در گام کیفی 16 نفر از کارشناسان ترویج کشاورزی بودند که با استفاده از روش نمونه­گیری هدفمند با آنها مصاحبه شد و از راه تحلیل محتوای مصاحبه­ها با استفاده از نرم‌افزار  MAXQDA₁₂شاخص­های توانمندسازی روانشناختی شامل احساس معناداری، شایستگی، مؤثر بودن، خودتعیین، اعتماد و رفتارهای سازمانی مثبت شامل رفتار تسهیم تجربۀ شغلی، رفتار شغلی نوآورانه، رفتار حفظ و توسعۀ ارزش­های حرفه­ای، رفتار بهبود کیفیت خدمات ترویج کشاورزی، رفتار بهبود چابکی ترویج کشاورزی و رفتار بهبود اعتماد عمومی به ترویج کشاورزی حاصل از آن در قالب الگوی مفهومی پژوهش احصا شد. در گام کمّی، جامعۀ آماری پژوهش شامل کارشناسان ترویج کشاورزی کشور در سال 1397 بود که از این بین 192 نفر با روش نمونه­گیری طبقه­ای متناسب انتخاب شدند. ابزار پرسشنامه­های محقق­ساخته توانمندسازی روانشناختی و رفتارهای سازمانی مثبت به شرکت­کنندگان ارائه شد و در انتها تجزیه و تحلیل داده­ها با نرم‌افزارهای SPSS و Smart PLS صورت گرفت. نتایج نشان داد توانمندسازی روانشناختی در ارتقاء رفتارهای سازمانی مثبت نقش دارد. در مجموع توانمندسازی روانشناختی قدرت تبیین 8/48 درصد از تغییرات رفتارهای سازمانی مثبت کارشناسان ترویج کشاورزی را دارد. مقدار Q² برای سازۀ­ رفتارهای سازمانی مثبت 180/0 بود که این مقدار از تناسب پیش­بین مدل در مورد سازۀ­ درون­زای رفتارهای سازمانی مثبت کارشناسان ترویج کشاورزی حمایت می­کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

توانمندسازی روانشناختی؛ رفتارهای سازمانی مثبت؛ کارشناسان ترویج کشاورزی

مراجع

Abinaya, K. (2014). Subjective well-being and psychological empowerment among the employees of an auto component manufacturing company. Global Journal of Research in Management, 4(2), 20-34. [Persian]

Alambeigi, A., Ahangari, I., & Azizi, S. (2014). An analysis of the relations among leader-member exchange LMX, organizational learning culture and organizational commitment (Case study: Markazy Province Agricultural Experts). Journal of Public Administration, 6(4), 819-837. [Persian]‏‏

Alizadeh, N., Alipour, H., Nikooei, A., Hajimirrahimi, S. D., Bakhshi-Jahromi, A., & Hasanpour, B. (2018). Identification of challenges and requirements of the agricultural extension and pathology of the current status of the new agricultural extension system of Iran. Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 14(2). [Persian]

Ardalan, M., & Soltanzadeh, V. (2017). Managers’ Amiability: an Effective Factor in the Promotion of Positive Organizational Behaviors of Office Workers, with an Emphasis on Islamic Principles. Islam & Management, 5(10), 5-28.‏ [Persian]

 

Azar, kh & Kholamzadeh, R .(2019). A primer on partial least squares structural equations modeling (PLS-SEM). Tehran: Ngahe Danesh.359. [Persian]

Bakker, A., and Schaufeli, W.B. (2008), Positive organizational behavior: Engaged employee in flourishing organizations, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29, 147-154.

Bandura, R., Johnson, R., and Paul R. L. (2014). Voluntary helpful organizational behavior: Recognition of individual attributes, European .Journal of Training and Development, 38 (7): 610–627.

Basami, A., Chizari, M., & Abbasi, E. (2014). A Study of Job Burnout among Jihad-e Keshavarzi Organization Experts in Kurdistan Province. Iranian Journal of Agricultural Economics and Development Research, 45(2), 293-303.‏ [Persian]

Cheasakul, U., & Varma, P. (2016). The influence of passion and empowerment on organizational citizenship behavior of teachers mediated by organizational commitment. Contaduríay Administración, 61(3), 422-440.‏

Dusta, S. B., Resickb, Ch, J., Margolisc, J. A., Mawritzb, M. B., Greenbaumd, R. L. (2108). Ethical leadership and employee success: Examining the roles of psychological empowerment and emotional exhaustion. The Leadership Quarterly, in press, corrected proof, Available online 12 February 2018.

Fealy Nahavand, S. (2013). Iranian Agricultural Extension System: The Current Status and Foresight, Ph.D. dissertation, TMU University, Iran. [Persian]

Ganji F, karimi baghmalek A.(2018). Investigate, identify and evaluate factors on psychological empowerment and its relationship with organizational citizenship behavior. Rooyesh. 7 (7): 219-230. [Persian]

Hashemy, S. H., Yousefi, M., Soodi, S., & Omidi, B. (2016). Explaining human resource empowerment pattern and organizational excellence among employees of emergency of Guilan's University Hospitals. Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences, 230, 6-13.‏

Hassanzadeh Pasikhani, M. S., & Bagherzadeh Khodashahri, R. (2018). The Impact of Social Capital on Psychological Empowerment: Mediating Role of Subjective Well-being. Social Capital Management, 5(1), 111-134.‏ [Persian]

Hewagama, G., Boxall, P., Cheung, G., & Hutchison, A. (2019). Service recovery through empowerment? HRM, employee performance and job satisfaction in hotels. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 81, 73-82.‏‏

Javed, B., Khan, A. A., Bashir, S., & Arjoon, S. (2017). Impact of ethical leadership on creativity: the role of psychological empowerment. Current Issues in Tourism, 20(8), 839-851. [Persian]

Kamalian, A. R., & Kouhi Khor, M. (2016). Survey the impact of the optimistic and the pessimistic behaviors on occupational and organizational attitude. Management Researches, 9(33), 139-166.‏ [Persian]

Kang, Y. J., Lee, J. Y., & Kim, H. W. (2017). A psychological empowerment approach to online knowledge sharing. Computers in Human Behavior, 74, 175-187.‏

Karimi-Gougheri, H., Rezaei-Moghaddam, K., Zamani, G. H., Hayati, D., & Rezaei, A. (2018). Analysis of Agricultural Extension and Education Organizational Network in Kerman Province: Social Network Analysis. Iranian Agricultural Extension and Education Journal, 13(2), 131-151. [Persian]‏

Khoshmaram, M. (2017). Designing a model for entrepreneurship opportunity recognition among agricultural entrepreneurs in Kermanshah Province. Ph.D. Thesis, Faculty of agriculture, Razi University. [Persian]

Kim, P. B., Lee, G., & Jang, J. (2017). Employee empowerment and its contextual determinants and outcome for service workers: a cross-national study. Management Decision, 55(5), 1022-1041.

Li, C., Wu, K., Johnson, D. E., & Wu, M. (2012). Moral leadership and psychological empowerment in China. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 27(1), 90-108.

Li, Z. (2016). Psychological empowerment on social media: Who are the empowered users?. Public Relations Review, 42(1), 49-59.‏

Lin, M., Wu, X., & Ling, Q. (2017). Assessing the effectiveness of empowerment on service quality: A multi-level study of Chinese tourism firms. Tourism Management, 61, 411-425.

Linley, P. A., Harrington, S., and Garcea, N. (2010). Finding the positive in the world of work. In P.A. Linley, S. Harrington, & N. Garcea (Eds.), Oxford handbook of positive psychology and work (pp. 3-9). New York, NY: Oxford University Press.

Luthans, R. (2003).Positive organizational behavior (POB): Implications for leadership and HR development and motivation. In R. M. Steers, L. W. Porter, & G. A. Begley (Eds.), Motivation and leadership at work: 187-195. New York: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

McDowell, G. (2004). Is extension an idea whose time has come and gone?. Journal of Extension, 42 (6).

Meng, L., Jin, Y., & Guo, J. (2016). Mediating and/or moderating roles of psychological empowerment. Applied Nursing Research, 30, 104-110.

Monfard, M & Khorakian, A. (2104). Investigating the Impact of Employees’ Behavior Dimensions on their Attitude Toward Organizational Change (Case Study: Governor of Khorasan-e-Razavi). Organizational Behavior Studies Quarterly. 3 (3),1-17.

Moradi Moghadam, M., Jafari, S., & Navigable, S. M. (2018). The structural Relationship of Authentic Leadership on work engagement and positive organizational behavior of teachers. The Journal of Modern Thoughts in Education, 13(1), 61-79.‏ [Persian]

Muse, L., Harris, S.G., Giles, W.F., and Field, H.S. (2008). Work-life benefits and positive organizational behavior: Isthere a connection? Journal of Organizational Behavior, 29, 171–192.

Nastiezaie, N., & Jenaabadi, H. (2016). The Relationship of organizational justice with positive organizational behavior and work engagement from viewpoint of faculty members of Zahedan University of medical sciences.‏ [Persian]

Owen, D. C., Boswell, C., Opton, L., Franco, L., and Meriwether, C. (2018). Engagement, empowerment, and job satisfaction before implementing an academic model of shared governance. Applied Nursing Research, 41, 29–35.

Özarallı, N. (2015). Linking empowering leader to creativity: the moderating role of psychological (felt) empowerment. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 181, 366-376.‏

Pan, X. F., Qin, Q., and Gao, F. (2014). Psychological ownership, organization based self-esteem and positive organizational behaviors. Chinese Management Studies, 8(1), 127–148.

Pandey, K. K., Gupta, R., Garud, U., Chandoriya, K. R., Khator, D., & Dubey, S. (2016). The Impact of Employee Empowerment on Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction in Service Organizations. Research to Manuscript, 217.

Paul, H., & Garg, P. (2014). Healing HRM through positive psychology: An outlook. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 133, 141-150.

Peterson, S. J., Walumbwa, F. O., Byron, K., and Myrowitz, J. (2009). CEO positive psychological traits, transformational leadership, and firm performance in high-technology start-up and established firms. Journal of Management, 35, 348-368.

Pittino, D., Martínez, A. B., Chirico, F., & Galván, R. S. (2018). Psychological ownership, knowledge sharing and entrepreneurial orientation in family firms: The moderating role of governance heterogeneity. Journal of Business Research, 84, 312-326.‏

Podsakoff, N. P., Whiting, S. W., Podsakoff, P. M., & Blume, B. D. (2009). Individual-and organizational-level consequences of organizational citizenship behaviors: A meta-analysis. Journal of applied Psychology, 94(1), 122.

Popescua, A., Deaconua, A., and Popescub, T. (2014). Organization’s age and Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) performance criteria at SMEs level. Case study - Bucharest – Ilfov development region. Procedia Economics and Finance. 22, 645–654.

Rivera, M. W. (2001). Agricultural and rural extension worldwide: Options for institutional reform in the developing countries. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations.

Safari, K., Haghighi, A. S., Rastegar, A., & Jamshidi, A. (2011). The relationship between psychological empowerment and organizational learning.  Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 1147-1152.

Salehi Sadaghiani, J & Sadafi Musavi. (2018). Workplace Flexibility and Employee Confidence: An Analysis of the Mediating Role of Positive Organizational Behavior. Development of Logigtics & Human Resource Management. 50, 25-42. [Persian]

Sepahvand, R., & Mohamadyari, Z. (2016). Investigating the Role of Managerial Humor on Positive Organizational Behavior of Staff. Management Studies in Development and Evolution, 25(80), 65-84.‏ [Persian]

Sodeify, R. (2013). The Theoretical Exploration of Psychological Empowerment in Clinical Nurses and Designing an Applied Model. Ph.D. dissertation, Tarbiat Modares University, Iran

Tetik, N. (2016).  The Effects of Psychological Empowerment on Job Satisfaction and Job Performance of Tourist Guides. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 6 (2), 221- 240.

 Wright, T. A. (2003). Positive organizational behavior. An idea whose time has truly come. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 24, 437-442.

Yammarino, F. J., Dionne, S.D., Schriesheim, C.A., and Dansereau, F. (2008). Authentic leadership and positive organizational behavior: A meso, multi-level perspective. The Leadership Quarterly. 19: 693–707.

Yazdanshenas, M. (2016). Role of Positive Organizational Behavior in the Relationship between Transformational Leadership and Employees` Cynicism. Positive Psychology Research, 2(1),  1-18. [Persian].

Youssef, C.M. and Luthans, F. (2007). Positive Organizational Behavior in the Workplace: The Impact of Hope, Optimism, and Resilience. Journal of Management, 33 (5), 774-800.