تحریم‌های ایالات‌متحده آمریکا علیه ایران و تأثیر آن بر همکاری‌های نفتی چین و عربستان سعودی (2019-2009)

فصلنامه علمی تحقیقات سیاسی و بین المللی

مقاله 6، دوره 13، شماره 46، فروردین 1400، صفحه 100-118   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/pir.2021.686249

نویسندگان

شیرین حداد زند^{* 1}؛ سید علی منوری²

¹گروه حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، ایران

²گروه حقوق و علوم سیاسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، ایران، تهران

چکیده

سیاست‌های توسعه گرایانه چین، موجب افزایش نیاز این کشور به منابع انرژی شده و افزایش واردات نفت و گاز را از نقاط مختلف جهان به‌ویژه خلیج‌فارس در پی داشته است. این امر توجه چین را به دو ستون اصلی در تأمین انرژی در خلیج‌فارس یعنی ایران و عربستان جلب نموده است. بااین‌وجود، روابط میان چین و عربستان و ایران در حوزه انرژی دارای فراز و نشیب‌های بسیار بوده؛ که دلیل اصلی آن را می‌توان در مسائل سیاسی و مسائل خاص این منطقه از جمله روابط ویژه این دو کشور با آمریکا جست‌وجو نمود. پژوهش حاضر به دنبال پاسخگویی به این سؤال است که چگونه تحریم‌های آمریکا علیه ایران در سال‌های 2019-2009 بر همکاری‌های نفتی چین و عربستان تأثیر گذاشته است؟ در پاسخ این فرضیه با روش تکوینی بررسی می‌شود که با کاهش فرصت‌های همکاری‌های چین و ایران در حوزه انرژی به دلیل نظام تحریم‌های آمریکا علیه ایران، همکاری‌های نفتی چین و عربستان در سال‌های 2019-2009 گسترش یافته است. تحقیق حاضر به این نتیجه رسیده که نظام تحریمی آمریکا؛ ایران قدرتمند را در حوزه اقتصادی منزوی کرده و فرصتی طلایی برای کشورهای چین و عربستان به وجود آورده تا روابط خویش را در حوزه اقتصاد، به‌ویژه انرژی تحکیم بخشند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

تحریم‌های آمریکا؛ چین؛ عربستان؛ ایران؛ همکاری‌های نفتی

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