مقایسه تمایلات حرکتی در کودکان ۶ تا ۹ ساله با سبک‌های دلبستگی ایمن و ناایمن

روانشناسی تحولی: روانشناسان ایرانی

دوره 17، شماره 68، تیر 1400، صفحه 427-449   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

زیودار نجمه¹؛ شهلا پزشک^{* 2}؛ حسین اسکندری³

¹کارشناس ارشد روان‌شناسی بالینی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

²دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی و آموزش کودکان استثنایی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

³دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی، دانشگاه علامه طباطبایی

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش مقایسه تمایلات حرکتی در کودکان 6 تا 9 سال با سبک دلبستگی ایمن و ناایمن بود. پژوهش حاضر از نوع توصیفی و علی مقایسه‌ای بود و نمونه‌ها شامل ۲۴ کودک ۶ تا ۹ سال دختر و پسر (۸ کودک دلبستة ایمن، ۸ کودک دلبستة ناایمن اضطرابی و ۸ کودک دلبستة ناایمن اجتنابی) بودند که با استفاده از مقیاس دلبستگی کودکی میانه (رونقی، دلاور و مظاهری، ۱۳۹۱) به روش دردسترس و با در نظر گرفتن ملاک‌های ورود و خروج انتخاب و رفتار حرکتی هر کودک در حین انجام فعالیت تصویربرداری و در پایان، فیلم‌ها با نظارت ارزیاب متخصص و با استفاده از چک‌لیست مشاهده‌ای کیفیت‌های حرکتی محقق‌ساخته و چک‌لیست مشاهده‌ای ابعاد حرکتی (اساسه، ۱۳۹۳) نمره‌گذاری و داده‌ها با استفاده از آزمون‌های خی‌دو و تحلیل واریانس چندمتغیری بررسی شد. نتایج این پژوهش تفاوت معنادار در کیفیت‌های حرکات سه گروه را نشان داد. این کودکان در استفاده از ابعاد فضایی نیز تفاوت‌هایی داشتند؛ بدن کودکان اضطرابی بیش‌تر در بعد افقی و بدن کودکان اجتنابی در بعد عمودی شکل گرفته بود. این یافته‌ها نشان داد که تفاوت‌های فردی مشاهده‌شده در الگوهای حرکتی به‌گونه‌ای معنادار با جهت‌گیری‌های دلبستگی مرتبط است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

ابعاد حرکتی؛ تمایلات حرکتی؛ سبک‌های دلبستگی کودکان؛ کیفیت حرکتی

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