توصیف و مقایسه تجربه زیسته بزرگسالان در دو پیک اول و دوم پاندمی کوید-19

روانشناسی تحولی: روانشناسان ایرانی

دوره 18، شماره 69، مهر 1400، صفحه 3-21   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

نویسندگان

نیکو پیشکاری¹؛ زهرا عبدخدایی^{* 2}

¹دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد روان شناسی دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی تهران

²دانشیار گروه روان‌شناسی دانشگاه شهیدبهشتی تهران

چکیده

این پژوهش با هدف توصیف و مقایسة تجربة زیستة بزرگسالان در دو پیک اول و دوم پاندمی کوید-19 انجام شد. این بررسی کیفی و با شیوة پدیدارشناسی توصیفی انجام شد. 14 شرکت‌کننده به روش نمونه‌برداری هدفمند انتخاب شدند و در دو مرحله و طی دو پیک ابتلا به کرونا در کشور مورد مصاحبة عمیق قرار گرفتند. داده‌های به­دست­آمده از مصاحبه‌ها به روش  کلایزی تحلیل شد و  با مصاحبة 12 نفر به اشباع رسید و برای اطمینان بیشتر تا 14 نفر ادامه یافت. نتایج پیک اول در 6 خوشة اصلی و 17 خوشة فرعی گردآوری شد. خوشه‌های اصلی شامل مواجهه با کرونا، نگرانی‌ها، بازخورد‌ها‌ و ارزیابی‌ تجربة کرونا، راهبردهای مواجهه، آثار کرونا و قرنطینه، کرونا و خانواده بود. خوشه‌های پیک دوم مشابه پیک اول بود و فقط خوشة فرعی "اولین مواجهه با کرونا" در پیک دوم حذف شد. در پیک اول افراد ضمن تجربة ترس و درگیری با چالش‌های فردی و اجتماعی، از راهبردهای هیجان‌محورتر برای سازگاری با بحران استفاده کردند. اما با گذر زمان، قرنطینه به فرصتی برای ایجاد سبک زندگی جدید تبدیل شد و این مهم­ترین دستاورد افراد بود که برای تغییر و رشد فردی به‌ کارگرفته شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کوید-19؛ تجربه زیسته؛ پاندمی؛ قرنطینه

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