Effects of some combined treatments on breaking the seed dormancy and enhancing the germination rate from different Morrocan varieties of date palm

Iranian Journal of Plant Physiology

دوره 11، شماره 5، دی 2021، صفحه 3855-3861   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/ijpp.2022.1890426.1193

نویسندگان

Oumaima Harkousse¹؛ Afaf Slimani¹؛ Issam Jardane²؛ Mohamed Aitboulahsen³؛ Mouaad Amine Mazri⁴؛ Lahcen Ouahmane²؛ Tayeb koussa¹؛ Mohamed Najib Alfeddy^{* 5}

¹Laboratory of plant biotechnology, ecology and ecosystem exploitation, department of biology, faculty of sciences, EL Jadida, Morocco.

²Cadi Ayyad University, Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary University of Safi, Morocco

³Department of Biology, Polydisciplinary Faculty of Larache, Abdelmalek Essaâdi University, B.P 745, Larache, Morocco

⁴National Institute of Agronomic Research, UR Agro-Biotechnology, Laboratory of Plant Biotechnology, Marrakech, Morocco

⁵National Institute of Agronomic Research, Plant Protection Unit, Laboratory of Phyto-Bacteriology, Marrakech, Morocco

چکیده

An accelerating worldwide trend toward planting elite cultivars is leading towards two types of Date Palm (Phoenix dactylifera L) propagation: offshoot propagation or a tissue culture propagation. However, the date palm diversity is nowadays facing crucial problems. The alternative for both these methods is Seed propagation. Although Seed dormancy in date palm has continued to be challenging especially when cultivating through seeds. This study evaluated the efficiency of the operculum removal treatment combined with temperature on the seed dormancy for four different Moroccan cultivars (Najda, Boufegousse, Aziza and Assian). Thereby the germination Test was carried out using a completely randomized design, the four cultivars seeds were selected and subsequently received the pre-germination treatment. In this survey, the evaluated traits were the germination rate and the germination speed index. Results showed that the treatment significantly (p < 0.05) affect the germination rate and Germination percentage of all of the four cultivars of date palm. The germination rate was above 90% and below 20% for the treated seed and control, respectively. The higher germination rates were exhibited by the “Najda” and “Assiane” seedlings. The highest levels of the germination speed index were exhibited also by the “Najda” and “Assiane”. This study demonstrates that seed dormancy in date palm can best be overcome by an operculum removal treatment combined with temperature.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Phoenix dactylifera L, cultivar؛ operculum, germination percentage, speed index

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