کنفوسیوس‌گرایی و دکترین سیاست خارجی چین

فصلنامه علمی تحقیقات سیاسی و بین المللی

مقاله 1، دوره 13، شماره 49، دی 1400، صفحه 1-20   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/pir.2022.1879678.2833

نویسندگان

شهروز شریعتی^{* 1}؛ سیده سارا موسوی²

¹گروه علوم سیاسی/ دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

²گروه علوم سیاسی، دانشکده علوم انسانی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس

چکیده

رشد کم‌نظیر مدارس کنفوسیوسی از سال 2004 در سراسر جهان بیانگر برنامه‌ای هدفمند از سوی جمهوری خلق چین به شمار می‌رود. رهبران چین در دهه 1980 پس از درک این مقوله که ایدئولوژی کمونیسم دیگر جذابیت چندانی برای حضور قدرتمند چین در عرصه ‌بین‌المللی ندارد، کوشیدند با استفاده از عنوان «کنفوسیوس» مسیر جدیدی را برای دستیابی به آرمان‌های ملت چین بازطراحی کنند. رهبران چین، همچنین در این چارچوب با استفاده از اعتبار تاریخی کنفوسیوس اقدام به توسعه مدارس و مؤسساتی کردند که باهدف ترویج زبان و فرهنگ چینی در سراسر جهان گسترش یافته است. این مقاله ضمن بررسی برنامه‌های دولت چین برای ترویج مدارس کنفوسیوس در قالب روش‌شناسی نگرشی و با روش روند پژوهی، می‌کوشد تا به این پرسش پاسخ دهد که مدارس کنفوسیوس چه نقشی را در پیشبرد اهداف هژمونیک رهبران چین در جهان ایفا می‌کنند؟ مقاله در پاسخ به پرسش مذکور با بررسی چگونگی و درعین‌حال روند گسترش مؤسسات کنفوسیوسی در جهان این فرضیه را مورد آزمون قرار می‌دهد که توسعه مدارس کنفوسیوس در چارچوب دکترین خیزش صلح‌آمیز چین و باهدف زمینه‌سازی برای استقرار نظم نوین جهانی بر مبنای قدرت نرم چین صورت می‌پذیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

چین؛ کنفوسیوس؛ فرهنگ؛ مؤسسات کنفوسیوس؛ قدرت نرم

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