تاثیر محلول‌پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر گلدهی و خصوصیات رشدی شاه‌پسند درختچه‌ای (Lantana camara Linn.) تحت تنش شوری

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 16، شماره 64، دی 1400، صفحه 1-23   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2022.688793

نویسندگان

مریم دهستانی اردکانی^{* 1}؛ پریسا قاطعی¹؛ علی مومن پور²؛ جلال غلام نژاد³؛ زهرا فخاری پور چرخابی¹

¹گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران.

²مرکز ملی تحقیقات شوری، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، یزد، ایران.

³گروه علوم باغبانی دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه، اردکان، ایران -پژوهشکده گیاهان دارویی و صنعتی، اردکان، ایران.

چکیده

شاه­پسند درختچه­ای (Lantana camara Linn.) گیاه زینتی گلدار و متعلق به ­خانواده شاه­پسند است. هدف از پژوهش حاضر بررسی تاثیر محلول­پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر گلدهی و خصوصیات رشدی شاه­پسند درختچه­ای تحت تنش­شوری بود. آزمایش به­صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی، شامل سه سطح اسید سالیسیلیک (0، 5/0 و 1 میلی­مولار) و پنج سطح شوری آبیاری (5/0، 3، 5، 7 و 9 دسی­زیمنس برمتر)، به ­اجرا درآمد. نتایج به­دست آمده نشان داد که افزایش سطح شوری از 5/0 به 9 دسی­زیمنس بر متر به­طور معنی­داری باعث کاهش کلیه سطوح پارامترهای رشدی، محتوای کلروفیل و جذب پتاسیم شد. در حالی­که جذب سدیم، نسبت سدیم به پتاسیم و نشت یونی نسبت به شاهد افزایش یافت. همچنین، نتایج نشان داد که اسید سالیسیلیک به­طور قابل ­توجهی رشد گیاه و صفات فیزیولوژیک را بهبود بخشید. در شوری نه دسی­زیمنس بر متر استفاده از یک میلی­مولار اسید دسالیسیلیک میزان ارتفاع شاخه اصلی و تعداد گل­ها را به­ترتیب 22/3 و 14/2 برابر نسبت به شاهد افزایش و جذب سدیم را 46/2 برابر کاهش داد. در همین سطح شوری تیمار گیاهان با 5/0 میلی­مولار اسید سالیسیلیک منجر به افزایش ارتفاع گیاه، قطر ساقه، افزایش قطر شاخه ­اصلی، تعداد گل­ها و وزن ­تر گل به­ترتیب 64/70 درصد، 15/2، 14/2 و 8/5 برابر، نسبت به شاهد شد. با توجه به ­اینکه گیاهان تا شوری هفت دسی­زیمنس بر متر به­خوبی رشد رویشی و گلدهی خود را حفظ نمود، به­نظر می­رسد که گیاه شاهپسند قادر به­ تحمل شوری ­باشد. به­طور کلی، استفاده از اسید سالیسیلیک (5/0 میلی­مولار) در سطوح بالای شوری باعث بهبود خصوصیات رویشی، گلدهی و جذب عناصر غذایی تحت تنش شوری شد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

رشد رویشی؛ سدیم؛ کلروفیل؛ گیاه زینتی؛ نشت یونی

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