اثر غلظت‌های مختلف محرک زیستی کیتوزان بر برخی شاخص‌های فیزیولوژیک و بیوشیمیایی گیاه آندروگرافیس پانیکولاتا (Andrographis paniculate L.)

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 18، شماره 70، خرداد 1402، صفحه 59-73   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2022.1944978.1747

نویسندگان

مژده جعفری لفوت¹؛ لیلا پیشکار^{* 1}؛ داریوش طالعی²

¹گروه زیست‌شناسی، واحد اسلامشهر، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، اسلامشهر، ایران

²استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات گیاهان دارویی، دانشگاه شاهد، تهران، ایران

چکیده

کیتوزان یکی از پلی­ساکاریدهای نیتروژن­دار است که با واکنش استیل­زدایی کیتین به صورت طبیعی ایجاد می­شود و به عنوان یکی از محرک­های زیستی کارآمد در تولید متابولیت­های ثانویه، در گیاهان دارویی زیادی تأیید شده است. در تحقیق حاضر، کاربرد کیتوزان در غلظت­های مختلف (صفر، 100، 200، 300 و 400 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) بر رشد، رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی، متابولیت­های ثانویه، ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی، فعالیت آنزیم­های آنتی اکسیدانی، کمیت و کیفیت پروتئین و سطح بیان ژن­های HMGS و HMGR گیاه دارویی آندروگرافیس پانیکولاتا مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان دادند که کاربرد کیتوزان به طور معنی­داری باعث افزایش رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی کلروفیل و کاروتنوئیدها و در نتیجه، افزایش رشد و بیومس گیاه دارویی آندروگرافیس پانیکولاتا شد. تیمارهای کیتوزان (300 و 400 میلی­گرم بر لیتر) باعث افزایش بیان ژن­های HMGS و HMGR در برگ گیاه شدند که با افزایش معنی­دار تجمع ترکیبات فنل کل و فلاونوئیدها همراه بود. تیمارهای کیتوزان باعث بهبود فعالیت آنزیم­های سوپراکسید دیسموتاز و پراکسیداز و افزایش ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی برگ­های گیاه دارویی آندروگرافیس پانیکولاتا شدند. بررسی کمیت و کیفیت پروتئین­ها نشان داد که شدت نوارهای پروتئینی با وزن مولکولی ۶۰ کیلو دالتون در غلظت­های 3۰۰ و 400 میلی­گرم بر لیتر کیتوزان و همچنین شدت نوارهای پروتئینی با وزن مولکولی 3۵ و 2۰ کیلو دالتون در غلظت 3۰۰ میلی­گرم بر لیتر کیتوزان نسبت به غلظت­های دیگر افزایش داشته است. بنابراین، این نتایج ثابت کردند که کاربرد کیتوزان می­تواند باعث افزایش تجمع متابولیت­های ثانویه و ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی گیاه دارویی آندروگرافیس پانیکولاتا شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

آندروگرافیس پانیکولاتا؛ رنگیزه‌های فتوسنتزی؛ ظرفیت آنتی اکسیدانی؛ کیتوزان؛ متابولیت‌های ثانویه

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