فاکتورهای پیشرفته موثر بر کشت بزرگ‌ مقیاس انواع ریزجلبک و اثرات آن در افزایش بهره وری

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 16، شماره 63، مهر 1400، صفحه 129-148   

نوع مقاله: مروری

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2022.689654

نویسندگان

ساسان قبادیان^{* 1}؛ ندا سلطانی^{* 2}

¹گروه مهندسی محیط زیست، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه ملی ملایر، ملایر، ایران

²گروه میکروبیولوژی نفت، پژوهشکده علوم پایه کاربردی جهاد دانشگاهی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شاید سخن گفتن در باب کاربری انواع گونه­های ریزجلبکی در زمینه­های مختلف، رویکردهای جهانی جهت افزایش بهره­وری کشت این موجودات و نیل به برتری اقتصادی در کنار منافع عظیم زیست­محیطی (مانند تصفیه فاضلاب و تثبیت CO₂)  گزاف باشد. جهت دستیابی به این افزایش بهره­وری، تمرکز بر فاکتورهای مختلف موثر بر کشت در پژوهش­های اخیر جهانی مشاهده می­شود. در مورد برخی از این فاکتورها نظیر شرایط نوری، دما، غلظت مواد مغذی، میزان CO₂ و نظایر آن پژوهش­­های مختلفی صورت گرفته است. لذا در این مقاله سعی شده با پرهیز از تکرار مقدمات و ذکر مجدد کاربری­ها و یا بازگوئی اثرات فاکتورهای مذکور، صرفا پژوهش­هائی مرور شوند که بر روی برخی فاکتورهای کمتر آزموده اما با تاثیرات مهم بر افزایش بهره‌وری کشت به ویژه در مقیاس بزرگ تمرکز کرده­اند. لذا در ابتدا محیط­های مختلف کشت شامل آب شیرین، آب دریا و فاضلاب جهت به کارگیری در کشت انبوه تشریح و مقایسه شده و گونه­های برتر هریک از محیط­ها معرفی شده­اند و سپس روش‌های مختلف کشت شامل فتواتوتروفیک، هتروتروفیک، میکسوترفیک و فتوهتروتروفیک مقایسه شده­اند. به استفاده مجدد از آب بازیافتی فرآیند کشت ریزجلبک­ها جهت کاهش هزینه­های تصفیه و پمپاژ و چالش‌های مرتبط با آن نگاهی شده و در انتها اثر تنش­ها (که بواسطه تجهیزات بکارگرفته شده و در فرآیندهای کشت­ بزرگ­مقیاس از دغدغه­های اصلی است) بر روی بهره‌وری کشت و راهکارهای کاهش این اثرات مورد نظر قرار گرفته است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بازیافت آب در کشت؛ تنش برشی در ریزجلبک‌ها؛ کشت بزرگ مقیاس؛ کشت ریزجلبک؛ محیط کشت

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