هم‌سنجی اثربخشی و تداوم تأثیر درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌نگر و شفقت‌درمانی بر اجتناب تجربه‌ای و بدتنظیمی هیجان در زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی

زن و مطالعات خانواده

مقاله 9، دوره 16، شماره 59، خرداد 1402، صفحه 177-199   

نوع مقاله: علمی پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/jwsf.2022.1956883.1686

نویسندگان

مینوش همایونی¹؛ مولود کیخسروانی^{* 2}؛ علی پولادی ریشهری³

¹دانشجوی دکتری روانشناسی تخصصی، واحد بوشهر ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، بوشهر، ایران

²استادیار گروه روانشناسی، واحد بوشهر ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، بوشهر، ایران ( نویسنده مسئول ) [e-mail]

³استادیار گروه روانشناسی، , واحد بوشهر ، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی ، بوشهر، ایران . استادیار دانشگاه پیام نور، بوشهر، ایران

چکیده

مرور پیشینه نظری و تجربی نشان می‌دهد که درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور و درمان مبتنی بر شفقت بر بدتنظیمی هیجان و اجتناب تجربه‌ای مؤثر بوده است. اما هنوز مشخص نیست که کدام‌یک از این مداخلات در طول زمان اثربخشی بیشتر و پایدارتری دارند. پژوهش حاضر با هدف هم‌سنجی اثربخشی و تداوم تأثیر درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌نگر و شفقت‌درمانی بر اجتناب تجربه‌ای و بدتنظیمی هیجان در زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی انجام پذیرفت. پژوهش حاضر حیث هدف کاربردی و از نظر ماهیت از نوع طرح‌های نیمه‌آزمایشی با پیش‌آزمون و پس‌آزمون چندگروهی با گروه گواه با یک مرحله پیگیری سه ماه بود. جامعه آماری پژوهش حاضر متشکل از تمامی زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی که در سال 99-1398 عضو خانه‌های امن شیراز بود که به روش داوطلبانه 45 نفر انتخاب و به روش تصادفی در گروه‌های آزمایش (درمان شفقت و ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور) و گواه قرار گرفتند. ابزارهای سنجش شامل تنظیم هیجان گارنفسکی، کرایج و اسپینهاون (2001) و پرسشنامه اجتناب تجربه‌ای باوند و همکاران (2010) بود. یکی از گروه‌های آزمایش مداخله ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور هافمن، وو و بوتچر (2014) و گروه دیگر آزمایش درمان متمرکز بر شفقت گیلبرت (2010) را هرکدام در 8 جلسه 90 دقیقه‌ای دریافت کردند و گروه گواه هیچ مداخله‌ای دریافت نکرد. تجزیه‌وتحلیل داده‌ها از روش تحلیل واریانس اندازه‌گیری‌های مکرر و بنفرونی انجام شد. نتایج نشان داد درمان مبتنی بر شفقت و درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور بر بدتنظیمی هیجان و اجتناب تجربه‌ای مؤثر است (01/0p<). روش درمان مبتنی بر شفقت نسبت به درمان ذهن‌آگاهی در کاهش بدتنظیمی هیجان و اجتناب تجربه‌ای اثربخش‌تر می‌باشد (01/0p<). به نظر می‌رسد درمان مبتنی بر شفقت و درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌محور می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک امر پیشگیرانه و بهبوددهنده در افزایش سلامت روان و کیفیت زندگی زنان قربان خشونت خانگی مورد استفاده قرار گیرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

درمان ذهن‌آگاهی مثبت‌نگر؛ شفقت‌درمانی؛ اجتناب تجربه‌ای؛ بدتنظیمی هیجان؛ زنان قربانی خشونت خانگی

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