تأثیر محلول پاشی محرک رشد آلی بر ویژگی‌های فیزیولوژیکی، عملکرد و درصد روغن گلرنگ (Carthamus tinctorius L.) تحت سطوح تنش خشکی

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 18، شماره 71، مهر 1402، صفحه 48-62   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2022.1956384.1786

نویسندگان

علی راشدی¹؛ علیرضا سیروس مهر^{* 2}؛ محسن موسوی نیک³؛ احمد قنبری³

¹گروه زراعت ،دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

²گروه زراعت،دانشکده کشاورزی،دانشگاه زابل،زابل،ایران

³گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

چکیده

خشکی از مهمترین عوامل کاهش عملکرد گیاهان می­باشد و شناخت راههای مقابله با تنش خشکی اهمیت زیادی دارد. این آزمایش به منظور مطالعه تأثیر محلول پاشی محرک رشد آلی روی برخی صفات فیزیولوژیک، عملکرد و درصد روغن رقم گلدشت گلرنگ تحت سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی به صورت کرت‌های یک بار خرد شده در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در مزرعه تحقیقاتی شماره 1 دانشگاه زابل واقع در بخش جزینک (سد سیستان) زابل با سه تکرار انجام شد. عامل اصلی تنش خشکی در 3 سطح شامل: آبیاری کامل، آبیاری تا مرحله گلدهی ساقه اصلی و آبیاری تا مرحله گلدهی کامل و عامل فرعی تنظیم کننده رشد هامون گرین در چهار سطح شامل: شاهد، 8 و 10 و 12 لیتر در هکتار بود. ویژگی‌های اندازه‌گیری شده شامل: ارتفاع بوته، تعداد برگ، تعداد طبق در بوته، وزن هزاردانه، وزن گلبرگ، قطر ساقه، درصد پروتئین دانه، عملکرد دانه، درصد روغن دانه، میزان پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم های کاتالاز و پراکسیداز بود. نتایج بر همکنش سطوح محرک رشد و تنش خشکی فقط بر صفات ارتفاع بوته ، قطر ساقه، درصد روغن، میزان پرولین و فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز معنی­دار گردید. بیشترین ارتفاع بوته(64 سانتی­متر) و درصد روغن(7/32 درصد) از تیمار بدون تنش و محلول پاشی 12 لیتر محرک رشد، بیشترین مقدار پرولین از تیمار محلول پاشی 12 لیتر محرک رشد و مرحله گلدهی ساقه­اصلی با میانگین 38/0 درصد و بیشترین عملکرد دانه 08/1127 (کیلوگرم در هکتار) از سطح محلول­پاشی 12 لیتر محرک رشد به دست آمد. به‌طورکلی می­توان گفت محلول‌پاشی محرک رشد باعث تعدیل اثرات منفی تنش خشکی در برخی صفات گیاه گلرنگ شد و به میزان 6/36 درصد باعث بهبود عملکرد دانه شده است. همچنین آبیاری تا مرحله گلدهی ساقه اصلی می تواند عملکرد دانه مشابه ابیاری کامل تولید نماید و تیمار مناسب به نظر می رسد. 

کلیدواژه‌ها

پرولین؛ تعداد طبق در بوته؛ تنظیم کننده رشد؛ عملکرد دانه؛ کاتالاز

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