تاثیر اسید سالیسیلیک بر عملکرد اندام‌های رویشی و مواد موثره استویا (Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni) تحت تنش خشکی

فیزیولوژی محیطی گیاهی

دوره 17، شماره 66، تیر 1401، صفحه 89-107   

نوع مقاله: پژوهشی

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30495/iper.2022.1952614.1773

نویسندگان

مهرداد ملکی¹؛ حمید سبحانیان^{* 1}؛ عنایت اله یزدان پناه¹؛ عباس ملکی²

¹گروه زیست شناسی گیاهی، دانشگاه پیام نور، صندوق پستی 4697-19395، تهران، ایران.

²گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد ایلام، ایلام، ایران.

چکیده

این بررسی به­منظور بررسی تاثیر محلول پاشی اسید سالیسیلیک بر عملکرد و مواد موثره استویا تحت تنش خشکی انجام شد. آزمایش در قالب طرح اسپلیت پلات و در قالب بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی در 3 تکرار در مزرعه تحقیقات شهرستان سرآبله واقع در استان ایلام در سال 1400-1399 اجرا شد. تنش خشکی در سه سطح 100 (شاهد)، 75 و 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی مزرعه و تیمار اسید سالیسیلیک در 2 سطح عدم مصرف و محلول پاشی (با غلظت 1 میلی­مولار) بود. در این بررسی ارتفاع بوته، تعداد شاخه جانبی، وزن خشک ساقه، وزن خشک برگ، عملکرد ماده خشک کل، قند قابل برداشت، پروتئین، پرولین، کلروفیل کل، استویوزید، گلیکوزید، ریبودیوزید و ترکیبات فنلی اندازه گیری شد. یافته­های این پژوهش نشان داد که بیشترین عملکرد ماده خشک کل در شاهد و مصرف اسید سالیسیلیک به مقدار 2/77 گرم در گیاه حاصل شد که نسبت به کمترین عملکرد ماده خشک کل یعنی تیمار 50 درصد ظرفیت زراعی و عدم مصرف اسید سالیسیلیک 34 درصد افزایش نشان داد. همچنین در تمام سطوح تنش خشکی مصرف اسید سالیسیلیک موجب افزایش عملکرد ماده خشک کل شد.. در تیمار عدم اعمال تنش خشکی کمترین قند در بوته و در تیمار با اسید سالیسیلیک، میزان گلیکوزید بیشتر از شاهد بود. به­طور کلی تنش خشکی موجب کاهش مقدار قند و سایر صفات رشدی گیاه استویا شد و در این بین مصرف اسید سالیسیلیک علاوه بر آنکه به تنهایی موجب بهبود خصویات کمی و کیفی گیاه استویا شد، در سطوح مختلف تنش خشکی نیز موجب بهبود عملکرد این گیاه شد که این نتیجه بسیار حائز اهمیت است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

استویا؛ ترکیبات فنلی؛ کم‌آبی؛ گلیکوزید؛ قند قابل برداشت

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