How Did Globalization Boost the Nuts Production in Indonesia?

Journal of Nuts

دوره 13، شماره 3، آذر 2022، صفحه 199-210   

نوع مقاله: Original Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.22034/jon.2022.1951651.1150

نویسندگان

Eko Hendarto^{* 1}؛ Sandhir Sharma²؛ Maria Jade Catalan Opulencia³؛ Mohammed Khudair Hasan⁴؛ Aiman Mohammed Baqir Al-Dhalimy⁵؛ Iskandar Muda⁶؛ Mohammed Abed Jawad⁷؛ Krishanveer Singh⁸؛ Noor Abdul Ameer Jabar⁹

¹Faculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Central Java, IndonesiaFaculty of Animal Science, Jenderal Soedirman University, Purwokerto, Central Java, Indonesia

²Chitkara Business School, Chitkara University, Punjab, India

³College of Business Administration, Ajman University, Ajman, United Arab Emirates

⁴Al-Manara College of Medical Sciences, Department of Pharmacy, Missan, Iraq

⁵College of Nursing, Altoosi University, Najaf, Iraq

⁶Department of Doctoral Program, Faculty of Economics and Business, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia

⁷Al-Nisour University College, Baghdad, Iraq

⁸Assistant Professor, GLA University Mathura, India

⁹Al-Manara College for Medical Sciences, Maysan, Iraq

چکیده

Agriculture plays a key role in Indonesia’s economy as it provides notable job opportunities for the people and contributes to the country’s foreign income. The Indonesian government initialized integration into the world economy through the implementation of development plans three decades ago. It has considerably influenced all economic sectors, including agriculture. Official data on nuts production shows that this activity has followed outstanding progress since the time that the plan came into force. Hence, the current study investigates the possible impacts of globalization on nuts production in Indonesia.  To do so, we applied the non-linear autoregressive distributed lag model (NARDL) to two variables of interest, namely the nuts production and the KOF globalization index for the period 1975-2019. The main findings prove the existence of a long-run equilibrium relationship between the variables of interest. Moreover, the positive shocks to the globalization index have a direct impact on nuts production. In addition, we found evidence of the significant asymmetry between the globalization index and the nuts production in Indonesia, implying the significant difference between the effect of positive and negative shocks to globalization on nuts production.

کلیدواژه‌ها

Globalization؛ Indonesia؛ NARDL model؛ Nuts production

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