Quantization Watermarking in Three-Dimensional Wavelet Transform Domain

Majlesi Journal of Telecommunication Devices

مقاله 6، دوره 9، شماره 1، خرداد 2020، صفحه 47-52   

نوع مقاله: Articles

نویسنده

Mohsen Ashourian^*

چکیده

Quantization watermarking is a technique for embedding hidden copyright information based on dithered quantization. This non-blind scheme is only practical for watermarking applications, where the original signal is available to the detector as for a fingerprinting purpose. The goal of this paper is to analyse the quantization watermarking in the three-dimensional wavelet transform. We consider the nonlinear effect of dithered quantization in the time-domain representation of the filter bank. We derive a compact and general form for distortion in the host video due to the encoding and embedding process. The formulation has the capacity to be simplified and optimized for different filter banks and dither signals. We provide some supporting experiments for the three-dimensional wavelet analysis of video signal.

کلیدواژه‌ها

quantization watermarking؛ Wavelet Transform؛ dithering

مراجع

[1] J. Eggers and B. Girod. "Quantization effects on digital watermarks". Signal Processing, Vol.81, No.2, pp. 239–263, 2001.

[2] R. M. Gray and T. G. Stockham. “Dithered quantizers”. IEEE Trans. on Information Theory, Vol. 39, No.5, pp. 805–812, 1993.

[3] Fan, Di, Ying Wang, and Chunwei Zhu. "A blind watermarking algorithm based on adaptive quantization in Contourlet domain." Multimedia Tools and Applications 78.7 (2019): 8981-8995.

[4] Sridhar, B. "Cross-Layered Embedding of Watermark on Image for High Authentication." Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis 29.1 (2019): 194-199.

[5] K. Nayebi , T.P.I. Barnwell and M.J.T. Smith. “Time -domain filter bank analysis: A new design theory”. IEEE Transaction. on Signal Processing, Vol.44, No. 6, pp. 1412–1429, 1992.

[6] I. Sodagar, T.P.I Barnwell and M.J.T. Smith. “On the statistically optimum FIR filter bank design”. IEEE Int. Conf. on Acoustic, Speech and Signal Proceeding, pp. 227–230, 1994.

[7] M. Ashourian, Z. Mohdyusof. “Scalar quantization error analysis for image subband coding using dithering”. SPIE Int. Conf. on Visual Comm. and Image Proc., Vol. 3, pp. 1434–1442, Australia 2000.

[8] Ashourian, Mohsen, and Yo-Sung Ho. "Analysis of quantization watermarking in the wavelet transform domain." Seventh International Symposium on Signal Processing and Its Applications, 2003. Proceedings.. Vol. 2. IEEE, 2003.

[9] K.A. Birney, and T.R. Fischer. “On the modeling of DCT and subband image data for compression”. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, Vol.4, No.2, pp. 186–193, 1995.

[10] Atta, R. "Optimal bit allocation for subband video coding." IET image processing 4.5 (2010): 365-373.

[11] Nematollahi, Mohammad Ali, Chalee Vorakulpipat, and Hamurabi Gamboa Rosales. "Three-Dimensional (3D) Watermarking." Digital Watermarking. Springer, Singapore, 2017. 81-99.