Cyclostationary Beacon for Assisting Spectrum Sensing in Opportunistic Spectrum Access

Majlesi Journal of Electrical Engineering

مقاله 5، دوره 5، شماره 1، خرداد 2011   

نوع مقاله: Review Article

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.1234/mjee.v5i1.374

نویسندگان

Hanwen Cao^* ؛ Qipeng Cai؛ João Miranda؛ Thomas Kaiser

Institute for Communication Technologies (IKT), Leibniz Universität Hannover

چکیده

Cognitive radio is a promising solution to the problem of spectrum scarcity by means of allowing secondary radio networks access the spectrum opportunistically. One of the most important issues in cognitive radio is how to detect existing over-the-air signals reliably. Not a few literatures have reported that signals could be detected via their inherent or embedded properties. However, this approach may not be reliable and flexible enough for all kinds of signals with different modulation types. In this paper, we propose a type of multitone beacon signal carrying cyclostationary signatures, which is able to enhance the reliability and efficiency of signal detection at low cost of spectrum overhead. This beacon not only can indicate the presence or absence of user signal but also can reveal some other information helpful to opportunistic spectrum access through the information bits carried on its cyclostationary signatures. It could be applied to device/network identification, indication of spectrum allocation and spectrum rendezvous, both for primary and secondary users. Based on our previous work reported in [1], the generation and detection algorithm of the beacon signal are extended with improved spectral efficiency. Performance is discussed with both computer simulation and testbed validation.

کلیدواژه‌ها

wireless communications؛ Cognitive radio؛ Institute for Communication Technologies (IKT)؛ en؛ beacon signal؛ Leibniz Universität Hannover؛ spectrum sensing؛ spectrum rendezvous؛ cyclostationary detection

مراجع

[1] H. Cao, Q. Cai, J. P. Miranda, and T. Kaiser, “Cyclostationary Multitone Beacon Signal for Opportunistic Spectrum Access,” in Proc. 4th Int. Conf. Cognitive Radio Oriented Wireless Networks and Communications CROWNCOM ’09, 2009, pp. 1–6.

[2] S. Haykin, “Cognitive Radio: Brain-empowered Wireless Communications,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas Communications, Vol. 23, No. 2, pp. 201–220, 2005.

[3] A. Petrin and P. G. Steffes, “Analysis and Comparison of Spectrum Measurements Performed in Urban and Rural Areas to Determine the Total Amount of Spectrum Usage,” in International Symposium on Advanced Radio Technologies, Boulder, CO, USA, 2005.

[4] J. Mitola and G.Q. Maguire, “Cognitive Radio: Making Software Radios More Personal,” IEEE Personal Communications, Vol. 6, No. 4, pp. 13–18, 1999.

[5] FCC Standard, “Evaluation of the Performance of Prototype TV- Band White Space Devices Phase II,” 2008.

[6] P. D. Sutton, K. E. Nolan, and L. E. Doyle, “Cyclostationary Signatures for Rendezvous in OFDM-Based Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks,” in Proc. 2nd IEEE Int. Symp. New Frontiers in Dynamic Spectrum Access Networks DySPAN 2007, 2007, pp. 220–231.

[7] W. A. Gardner and C. M. Spooner, “Signal Interception: Performance Advantages of Cyclic-feature Detectors,” IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. 40, no. 1, pp. 149–159, 1992.

[8] P. D. Sutton, K. E. Nolan, and L. E. Doyle, “Cyclostationary Signatures in Practical Cognitive Radio Applications,” IEEE Journal on Selected Areas Communications, Vol. 26, no. 1, pp. 13–24, 2008.

[9] W. A. Gardner, Statistical Spectral Analysis A Nonprobabilistic Theory. Prentice Hall, 1988.

[10] R. T. Steve Shellhammer, “Performance of the Power Detector with Noise Uncertainty,” IEEE 802.22-06/0134r0.

[11] Window Function. [Online]. Available: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_function