چالش‌ها و روند‌های اخیر در طراحی و توسعه زیرساخت شارژ خودروهای الکتریکی

فناوری های نوین مهندسی برق در سیستم انرژی سبز

دوره 1، شماره 4، اسفند 1401، صفحه 25-49   

نوع مقاله: مقاله مروری

شناسه دیجیتال (DOI): 10.30486/teeges.2022.1966838.1044

نویسنده

زهره فتوحی^*

دانشکده مهندسی برق، واحد اصفهان (خوراسگان)، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، خوراسگان، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

: استفاده از خودروهای الکتریکی به‌عنوان یکی از راه حل‌های اساسی برای کاهش انتشار گازهای گلخانه ای و صرفه جوئی در مصرف سوخت بنزینی رو به گسترش است. لذا صنعت حمل و نقل مدرن در بسیاری از کشورهای جهان تحت تاثیر مزایای اقتصادی و زیست محیطی وسایل نقلیه الکتریکی در حال تغییر و تحول است. به منظور تسریع روند این تحول، طراحی و توسعه مناسب زیرساخت شارژ اهمیت به‌سزایی دارد. علاوه بر این، تجهیز ایستگاه‌های شارژ به منابع انرژی تجدید پذیر و مدیریت ماهیت متناوب تولید این منابع می‌تواند منجر به بهبود تحقق اهداف زیست محیطی می‌گردد. طراحی و توسعه زیرساخت شارژ و افزایش تعداد خودروهای الکتریکی چالش‌های مختلفی را برای شبکه برق و شبکه حمل و نقل به همراه دارد. در این راستا ارائه راهکارهای مناسب برای مسائل کلیدی متنوعی همچون مدیریت ازدحام، تعیین مکان و ظرفیت بهینه ایستگاه‌های شارژ و مدیریت تقاضای شارژ با درنظر‌گرفتن شرایط و الزامات هر دو شبکه حائز اهمیت می باشد. در این مقاله، آخرین دستاوردها و پیشرفت‌های عمده در این حوزه تحقیقاتی جذاب و به‌سرعت در‌حال توسعه را با معرفی اهداف، روش‌ها و داده‌های مورد استفاده به‌طور جامع مورد بحث و بررسی قرار‌می‌دهیم. به‌این‌ترتیب با برجسته‌کردن چالش‌های موجود راه را برای آشکار‌سازی شکاف‌های تحقیقاتی و کمک به محققان در رسیدگی به مشکلات هموار می‌سازیم.

کلیدواژه‌ها

زیرساخت شارژ؛ خودروی الکتریکی؛ شبکه برق؛ شبکه حمل و نقل

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